Table 4.
Variables associated with postrelapse survival
| Variable | n/N (%) | PRS from first relapse |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | P | ||
| Univariate | |||
| Female | 20/51 (39) | 2.31 (1.19, 4.50) | .014 |
| Cytogenetic abnormalities at baseline | 25/50 (50) | 3.56 (1.71, 7.44) | < .001 |
| Baseline GEP MMSET/FGFR3 subgroup | 10/47 (21) | 0.37 (0.14, 0.98) | .045 |
| Baseline GEP proliferation subgroup | 11/47 (23) | 3.15 (1.37, 7.25) | .007 |
| Relapse β2M ≥ 3.5 mg/L | 15/44 (34) | 2.30 (1.13, 4.67) | .021 |
| Cytogenetic abnormalities at relapse | 20/41 (49) | 3.28 (1.50, 7.18) | .003 |
| Relapse GEP high-risk | 13/22 (59) | 4.23 (1.17, 15.29) | .028 |
| Completed transplantation 2 | 37/51 (73) | 1.31 (0.63, 2.74) | .466 |
| Completed consolidation 1 | 33/51 (65) | 0.65 (0.33, 1.26) | .204 |
| Completed consolidation 2 | 28/51 (55) | 0.52 (0.27, 0.99) | .047 |
| Total bortezomib on study (cg) | N = 51 | 0.94 (0.89, 1.00) | .035 |
| Total dexamethasone on study (cg) | N = 51 | 0.89 (0.73, 1.09) | .255 |
| Total thalidomide on study (cg) | N = 51 | 0.92 (0.81, 1.05) | .208 |
| Progression within 2 years of enrollment | 24/51 (47) | 2.80 (1.43, 5.47) | .003 |
| Premature bortezomib discontinuation (before relapse) | 20/51 (39) | 0.76 (0.39, 1.51) | .438 |
| Premature dexamethasone discontinuation (before relapse) | 17/51 (33) | 0.63 (0.30, 1.30) | .208 |
| Premature thalidomide discontinuation (before relapse) | 18/51 (35) | 0.66 (0.33, 1.35) | .255 |
| Started salvage therapy*** | 0.77 (0.34, 1.73) | .526 | |
| Received salvage transplant*** | 2.07 (1.02, 4.17) | .043 | |
| Multivariate | |||
| Female | 12/35 (34) | 6.62 (2.45, 17.86) | < .001 |
| Baseline GEP proliferation subgroup | 11/35 (31) | 3.69 (1.35, 10.09) | .011 |
| Progression within 2 years of enrollment | 18/35 (51) | 2.84 (1.19, 6.80) | .019 |
Variables considered univariately were: age ≥ 65 years at enrollment, female sex, white race, baseline albumin < 3.5 g/dL, baseline B2M ≥ 3.5 mg/L, baseline B2M > 5.5 mg/L, baseline creatinine ≥ 2 mg/dL, baseline CRP ≥ 8 mg/L, baseline Hb < 10 g/dL, baseline LDH ≥ 190 U/L, cytogenetic abnormalities anytime prior to enrollment, baseline GEP high-risk, baseline GEP CD-1 subgroup, baseline GEP CD-2 subgroup, baseline GEP HY subgroup, baseline GEP LB subgroup, baseline GEP MF subgroup, baseline GEP MS subgroup, baseline GEP MY subgroup, baseline GEP PR subgroup, baseline GEP NR3C1 lower tertile, baseline GEP NR3C1 upper tertile, relapse albumin < 3.5 g/dL, relapse B2M ≥ 3.5 mg/L, relapse B2M > 5.5 mg/L, relapse creatinine ≥ 2 mg/dL, relapse Hb < 10 g/dL, relapse LDH ≥ 190 U/L, cytogenetic abnormalities within 45 days of relapse, relapse GEP high-risk, relapse GEP CD-1 subgroup, relapse GEP CD-2 subgroup, relapse GEP HY subgroup, relapse GEP LB subgroup, relapse GEP MF subgroup, relapse GEP MS subgroup, relapse GEP MY subgroup, relapse GEP PR subgroup, relapse GEP NR3C1 lower tertile, relapse GEP NR3C1 upper tertile, completed transplant 2, completed consolidation 1, completed consolidation 2, total bortezomib on study (cg), total dexamethasone on study (cg), total thalidomide on study (cg), progression within 1 year of enrollment, progression within 2 years of enrollment, premature bortezomib discontinuation (before relapse), premature dexamethasone discontinuation (before relapse), premature thalidomide discontinuation (before relapse), started salvage therapy***, received salvage transplant***. Variables considered for the multivariate model without relapse parameters were: female sex, cytogenetic abnormalities anytime prior to enrollment, baseline GEP MS subgroup, baseline GEP PR subgroup, completed consolidation 2, total bortezomib on study (cg), progression within 2 years of enrollment, received salvage transplant***.
HR indicates hazard ratio; and 95% Cl, 95% confidence interval.
P value from Wald χ2 test in Cox regression multivariate model uses stepwise selection with entry level 0.1 and variable remains if meets the 0.05 level.