. 2010 Jul 20;103(5):642–648. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6605794

Table 2. Effects of quercetin on anti-CD95- and rTRAIL-induced apoptosis in cells isolated from CLL patients.

Patient	Treatment	Cell viability (%)		Caspase-3 (fold)		Annexin V (% positivity)
	Quercetin 10 μM	86.7±0.9		1.4±0.3		3
	rTRAIL 10 ng ml⁻¹	101.5±0.9		1.4±0.4		3
CLL 56	Anti-CD95 50 ng ml⁻¹	97.0±1.5		1.6±0.4		0
	rTrial+Quercetin	66.2±2.7	↓	5.6±0.4	↑	15	↑
	Anti-CD95+quercetin	77.7±0.69	↓	7.0±0.3	↑	10	↑

	Quercetin 10 μM	72.1±2.3		3.7±0.25		15
	rTRAIL 10 ng ml⁻¹	97.2±3.7		0.79±0.01		5
CLL 55	Anti-CD95 50 ng ml⁻¹	106.9±5.5		1.39±0.15		1
	rTrial+Quercetin	61.5±2.4	↓	4.6±0.43	↑	21	↑
	Anti-CD95+Quercetin	66.2±3.5	↓	5.5±0.15	↑	22	↑

	Quercetin 25 μM	67±2.1		1.9±0.2		22
	rTRAIL 10 ng ml⁻¹	92.0±2.5		1.4±0.08		8
CLL 44	Anti-CD95 50 ng ml⁻¹	95.6±3.5		1.17±0.07		5
	rTrial+Quercetin	55.5±3.3	↓	4.07±0.07	↑	33	↑
	Anti-CD95+Quercetin	55.6±1.8	↓	3.6±0.2	↑	35	↑

	Quercetin 25 μM	92±3.2		2.1±0.1		6
	rTRAIL 10 ng ml⁻¹	114±8.5		2.0±0.06		0
CLL 42	Anti-CD95 50 ng ml⁻¹	101.4±2.0		1.3±0.06		3
	TRAIL+Quercetin	103.2±3.7		1.9±0.2		6
	Anti-CD95+Quercetin	107.3±3.5		2.0±0.06		5

	Quercetin 25 μM	77.5±3.6		2.1±0.05		20
	rTRAIL 10 ng ml⁻¹	90.5±8.5		1.2±0.16		7
CLL 11	Anti-CD95 50 ng ml⁻¹	95.5±2.0		0.77±0.11		12
	rTRAIL+Quercetin	60±2.4	↓	4.1±0.44	↑	33	↑
	Anti-CD95+Quercetin	75.5±3.6	↓	2.6±0.2	↑	30	↑

Abbreviations: CLL=chronic lymphocytic leukaemia; rTRAIL=recombinant TNF-related-apoptosis-inducing ligand.

Arrows indicate that the decrease (↓) in cell viability, or the increase (↑) in caspase-3 activity and Annexin V positivity were more than additive with respect to single treatments with quercetin, anti-CD95, or rTRAIL. Percentage of Annexin V positivity was calculated subtracting basal values ranging between 10 and 30%.