Table 3.

Diagnosis-specific Spells of Sickness Absence (1990–1992) and Smoking-related Cancer Mortality (1990–2008) in the French GAZEL Cohort Study (n = 19,962)^a

Sickness Absence Category	No. of Participants	Smoking-related Cancersb (279 Deaths)			Non-smoking-related Cancers (332 Deaths)
		No. of Deaths	HR	95% CI	No. of Deaths	HR	95% CI
Models Adjusted for Age, Gender, Occupational Grade, and Sickness Absence due to Other Diagnoses
0 Spells	11,830		1.00			1.00
≥1 Spell with a psychiatric diagnosis	1,294	24	1.65	1.07, 2.53	316	0.65	0.39, 1.09
≥1 Spell with a nonpsychiatric diagnosis	6,549	116	1.41	1.10, 1.81	128	1.28	1.01, 1.61
≥1 Spell with a missing diagnosis	2,460	39	1.10	0.78, 1.56	42	0.98	0.70, 1.36
Models Adjusted for Age, Gender, Occupational Grade, Marital Status, Tobacco Smoking, Alcohol Use, and Sickness Absence due to Other Diagnoses
0 Spells	11,830		1.00			1.00
≥1 Spell with a psychiatric diagnosis	1,294	24	1.31	0.85, 2.03	316	0.63	0.38, 1.06
≥1 Spell with a nonpsychiatric diagnosis	6,549	116	1.36	1.06, 1.74	128	1.26	1.00, 1.59
≥1 Spell with a missing diagnosis	2,460	39	1.03	0.72, 1.45	42	0.96	0.69, 1.34

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio.

^aCox regression models.

^bSmoking-related cancers include oral cavity: International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9) codes 140–141 and 143–149, International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) codes C00–C06 and C09–C14; esophagus: ICD-9 code 150, ICD-10 code C15; pancreas: ICD-9 code 157, ICD-10 code C25; respiratory and intrathoracic organs: ICD-9 codes 160–163, ICD-10 codes C30–C34 and C38; urinary tract: ICD-9 codes 188–189, ICD-10 codes C64–C68.