Table 1.
Univariate analysis of the factors related with the presence of nocturnal enuresis
| Nocturnal enuresis (%) |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present | Absent | χ2 | P | OR | 95%CI | |
| Sex | ||||||
| Female (n=7000) | 7,7 | 92.3 | 1 | – | ||
| Male (n=7060) | 10,2 | 89.8 | χ2 =27.769 | P<0.05 | 1.02 | 1.01-1.03 |
| Age | ||||||
| 5-6 (n=195) | 10,3 | 89,7 | 1 | – | ||
| 7(n=2350) | 16,1 | 83.9 | 1.63 | 0.83-3.27 | ||
| 8(n=2561) | 12.6 | 87.4 | 1.27 | 0.65-2.53 | ||
| 9 (n=2830) | 10,6 | 89.4 | 1.11 | 0.57-2.21 | ||
| 10 (n=2792) | 7.0 | 93.0 | 0.65 | 0.33-1.30 | ||
| 11 (n=2760) | 5.6 | 94.4 | 0.59 | 0.30-1.18 | ||
| >11 (n=592) | 10.5 | 89.5 | χ2in trend = 169.65 | P<0.05 | 0.46 | 0.23-0.95 |
| Method used for the toilet training | ||||||
| Awarding (n=8911) | 8.0 | 92.0 | 1 | – | ||
| Punishment (n=516) | 12.8 | 87.2 | 1.68 | 1.27-2.22 | ||
| Threatening (n=636) | 16.4 | 83.6 | 2.24 | 1.78-2.81 | ||
| Other (n=3262) | 9.8 | 90.2 | χ2 =63.201 | P<0.05 | 1.24 | 1.08-1.43 |
| Sleep problem | ||||||
| Difficulty with falling asleep | ||||||
| Absent (n=11534) | 9.1 | 90,9 | 1 | – | ||
| Present (n=1440) | 8.5 | 91.5 | χ2 =0.577 | P>0.05 | 0.927 | 0.763-1.127 |
| Sleep talking | ||||||
| Absent (n=11220) | 8.6 | 91.4 | 1 | – | ||
| Present (n=2840) | 10.6 | 89.4 | χ2 =11.488 | P<0.05 | 1.260 | 1.098-1.446 |
| Sleep bruxism | ||||||
| Absent (n=11840) | 8.7 | 91.3 | 1 | – | ||
| Present (n=2220) | 10.6 | 89.4 | χ2 =8.715 | P<0.05 | 1.236 | 1.064-1.436 |
| Sleep walking | ||||||
| Present (n=308) | 14.5 | 85.5 | 1 | |||
| Absent (n=13752) | 8.9 | 91.1 | χ2=11.742 | P<0.05 | 1.724 | 1.250-2.379 |
| Deep sleeping | ||||||
| Absent (n=10463) | 7.9 | 92.1 | 1 | – | ||
| Present (n=3597) | 12.0 | 88.0 | χ2 =55.373 | P<0.05 | 14.370 | 12.372-16.690 |
| Waking up in the night | ||||||
| Absent (n=4903) | 12.6 | 87.4 | 1 | – | ||
| Present (n=9154) | 7.0 | 93.0 | χ2 =120.653 | P<0.05 | 1.576 | 1.391-1.785 |
| School success | ||||||
| Very successful (n=2430) | 7,2 | 92,8 | 1 | – | ||
| Successful (n=7410) | 7,9 | 92.1 | 0.68 | 0.40-1.18 | ||
| Intermediate (n=3355) | 11,6 | 88.4 | 0.43 | 0.27-0.69 | ||
| Low (n=372) | 17,2 | 82,8 | 0.28 | 0.18-0.45 | ||
| Very low (n=116) | 23,3 | 76,7 | χ2in trend= 86.602 | P<0.05 | 0.26 | 0.16-0.42 |
| Parents’ behavior towards the child | ||||||
| Normal (n=644) | 8.2 | 91.8 | 1 | – | ||
| Protective (n=8010) | 8.7 | 91.3 | 1.06 | 0.79-1.44 | ||
| Oppressive (n=670) | 14.5 | 85.5 | 1.89 | 1.31-2.73 | ||
| Setting free (n=3874) | 8.7 | 91.3 | 1.06 | 0.78-1.46 | ||
| Indifferent (n=103) | 19.4 | 80,6 | χ2 = 39.721 | P<0.05 | 2.69 | 1.47-4,88 |
| Children’s general behavioral attributes | ||||||
| Extroverted (n=2001) | 7.0 | 93.0 | 1 | – | ||
| Introverted, touchy (n=1882) | 12.1 | 87.9 | 1.81 | 1.44-2.27 | ||
| Sensitive, can get hurt easily (n=5512) | 7.4 | 92,6 | 1.05 | 0.86-1.29 | ||
| Shy (n=2251) | 9.9 | 90.1 | 1.45 | 1.16-1.82 | ||
| Brawly (n=842) | 14.5 | 85.5 | 2.24 | 1.71-2.91 | ||
| Boorish and cruel (n=163) | 13.5 | 86.5 | χ2 = 85.946 | P<0.05 | 2.06 | 1.23-3.40 |