Table 3.
Longitudinal association of self-reported sleep duration with onset and persistence of psychological distress one year later
| Average sleep duration (categories) | Onset of psychological distress (n = 1992) |
Persistence of psychological distress (n = 945) |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Onset of psychological distress |
No psychological distress at follow up |
Relative risk (RR and 95%CI) | Persistent psychological distress |
No psychological distress at follow up |
Relative risk (RR and 95%CI) | |||||
| N 239 | % 12 | N 1753 | % 88 | N 419 | % 44.5 | N 526 | % 55.5 | |||
| ≥ 10 h | 11 | 11.8 | 82 | 88.2 | 0.96 (0.53, 1.73) | 18 | 34.0 | 35 | 66.0 | 0.91 (0.60, 1.37) |
| ≥ 9 to < 10 h | 25 | 8.1 | 283 | 91.9 | 0.66 (0.43, 1.01) | 43 | 45.3 | 52 | 54.7 | 1.21 (0.92, 1.59) |
| ≥ 8 to < 9 h | 88 | 12.3 | 627 | 87.7 | REF | 98 | 37.5 | 161 | 62.5 | REF |
| ≥ 7 to < 8 h | 68 | 11.7 | 511 | 88.3 | 0.95 (0.71, 1.28) | 138 | 45.7 | 164 | 54.3 | 1.22 (1.00, 1.49) |
| ≥ 6 to < 7 h | 28 | 12.4 | 197 | 87.6 | 1.01 (0.68, 1.51) | 81 | 49.1 | 84 | 50.9 | 1.31 (1.05, 1.64) |
| > 5 to < 6 h | 11 | 21.1 | 41 | 78.9 | 1.72 (0.98, 3.01) | 25 | 58.1 | 18 | 41.9 | 1.56 (1.15, 2.10) |
| ≤ 5 h | 8 | 40.0 | 12 | 60.0 | 3.25 (1.84, 5.75) | 16 | 61.5 | 10 | 38.5 | 1.65 (1.17, 2.32) |
| Average sleep duration (decreasing hours) | 1.12 (1.01, 1.24) | 1.08 (1.04, 1.13) | ||||||||
“Onset of psychological distress” defined as a K10 score > 21 at follow-up but < 21 at baseline; “Persistent psychological distress” defined as a K10 score > 21 at both baseline and follow-up