Table 4.
Multivariable longitudinal log binomial models of the association of self-reported sleep duration, measured at baseline, with onset of psychological distress 12-18 months later, sequentially adjusted for confounders (n = 1922)
| Characteristics | Model 1 (+ demographics) | Model 2 (+ behavioral factors) | Model 3 (+ weighted for non-response) |
|---|---|---|---|
| RR (95%CIs) | RR (95%CIs) | RR (95%CIs) | |
| Sleep duration (decreasing hours) | 1.11 (1.01, 1.23) | 1.06 (0.96, 1.17) | 1.06 (0.96, 1.17) |
| Age (17 vs ≥ 18) | 0.90 (0.65, 1.24) | 0.94 (0.69, 1.29) | 0.97 (0.71, 1.32) |
| Gender (female vs male) | 1.18 (0.92, 1.50) | 1.16 (0.91, 1.49) | 1.15 (0.91, 1.46) |
| Occupation (vs school student) | |||
| Higher education | 0.97 (0.68, 1.38) | 1.04 (0.73, 1.47) | 1.06 (0.74, 1.52) |
| Employed | 1.09 (0.74, 1.61) | 1.20 (0.82, 1.75) | 1.18 (0.82, 1.71) |
| Not working or student | 1.65 (0.94, 2.90) | 1.63 (0.94, 2.83) | 1.82 (1.10, 3.01) |
| K10 baseline distress (quartiles) | 2.76 (2.03, 3.75) | 2.69 (1.98, 3.67) | |
| Harmful drinking (yes vs no) | 0.73 (0.47, 1.15) | 0.95 (0.74, 1.24) | |
| Marijuana use (yes vs no) | 1.20 (2.03, 3.75) | 1.12 (0.78, 1.61) | |
| Deliberate self-harm (yes vs no) | 1.07 (0.51, 2.24) | 1.02 (0.48, 2.17) |
Model 1, Demographic factors in table all simultaneously entered; Model 2, Additional behavioral factors in table all simultaneously entered; Model 3, Variables associated with non-response weighted by degree of non-response (gender, age, risk taking, and alcohol misuse)