Table 5.
Multivariable longitudinal log binomial models of the association of shorter sleep duration, measured at baseline, with persistent psychological distress 12-18 months later sequentially adjusted for confounders (n = 945)
| Characteristics | Model 1 (+ demographics) | Model 2 (+ behavioral factors) | Model 3 (+ weighted for non-response) |
|---|---|---|---|
| RR (95%CIs) | RR (95%CIs) | RR (95%CIs) | |
| Sleep duration (decreasing hours) | 1.09 (1.03, 1.14) | 1.06 (1.02, 1.10) | 1.05 (1.01, 1.10) |
| Age (17 vs ≥ 18) | 0.70 (0.57, 0.86) | 0.71 (0.59, 0.86) | 0.70 (0.58, 0.84) |
| Gender (female vs male) | 1.17 (1.00, 1.37) | 1.12 (0.97, 1.31) | 1.14 (0.99, 1.31) |
| Occupation (vs school student) | |||
| Higher education | 0.98 (0.79, 1.20) | 0.97 (0.81, 1.16) | 0.95 (0.79, 1.14) |
| Employed | 0.97 (0.75, 1.25) | 0.94 (0.74, 1.19) | 0.91 (0.73, 1.14) |
| Not working or student | 1.08 (0.77, 1.52) | 0.96 (0.69, 1.33) | 0.90 (0.66, 1.23) |
| K10 baseline distress (quartiles) | 1.24 (1.17, 1.32) | 1.23 (1.15, 1.30) | |
| Harmful drinking (yes vs no) | 0.88 (0.71, 1.11) | 0.97 (0.84, 1.11) | |
| Marijuana use (yes vs no) | 1.07 (0.89, 1.28) | 1.05 (0.88, 1.25) | |
| Deliberate self-harm (yes vs no) | 1.22 (1.05, 1.41) | 1.29 (1.12, 1.49) |
Model 1, Demographic factors in table all simultaneously entered; Model 2, Additional behavioral factors in table all simultaneously entered; Model 3, Variables associated with non-response weighted by degree of non-response (gender, age, risk taking, and alcohol misuse)