Table 2. Ongoing clinical trials in patients with malignant gliomas.
Search conducted using clinicaltrials.gov using query “glioma [drug name].”
| Receptor tyrosine kinase and downstream signaling pathway inhibitors | EGFR | SMI | Erlotinib | I | R | NCT00227032 | |
| Dasatinib | I | R | NCT00609999 | ||||
| I/II | R | NCT00301418 | |||||
| Sirolimus | I/II | R | NCT00509431 | ||||
| Sorafenib | I/II | R | NCT00335764 | ||||
| Temsirolimus | I/II | R | NCT00112736 | ||||
| XRT | I/II | P | NCT00124657 | ||||
| II | R | NCT00054496 | |||||
| Bevacizumab | II | R | NCT00671970 | ||||
| Bevacizumab | II | P | NCT00720356 | ||||
| Bevacizumab + TMZ | II | P | NCT00525525 | ||||
| Sirolimus | II | R | NCT00672243 | ||||
| TMZ + XRT | II | P | NCT00274833 | ||||
| TMZ + XRT | II | P | NCT00039494 | ||||
| TMZ + XRT | II | P | NCT00187486 | ||||
| TMZ/BCNU | II | R | NCT00086879 | ||||
| XRT | II | P/R | NCT00360854 | ||||
| Gefitinib | Irinotecan | I | R | NCT00132158 | |||
| Everolimus | I/II | R | NCT00085566 | ||||
| XRT | I/II | P | NCT00052208 | ||||
| XRT | II | P | NCT00042991 | ||||
| Lapatinib | II | R | NCT00095940 | ||||
| Pazopanib | II | R | NCT00350727 | ||||
| BIBW-2992 | XRT +/− TMZ | I | P | NCT00977431 | |||
| TMZ | II | R | NCT00727506 | ||||
| VEGFR | SMI | Cediranib | I | R | NCT00326664 | ||
| Cilengitide | I | R | NCT00979862 | ||||
| Bevacizumab | I | R | NCT00458731 | ||||
| TMZ + XRT | I/II | P | NCT00662506 | ||||
| II | R | NCT00305656 | |||||
| CCNU | III | R | NCT00777153 | ||||
| Vatalanib | TMZ + XRT | I | P | NCT00385853 | |||
| TMZ + XRT | I/II | P | NCT00128700 | ||||
| PDGFR | SMI | Imatinib | TMZ | I | P/R | NCT00354068 | |
| Sirolimus + | I | R | NCT00613132 | ||||
| HU | |||||||
| I/II | R | NCT00049127 | |||||
| II | R | NCT00039364 | |||||
| Vandetanib + HU | II | R | NCT00613054 | ||||
| HU | II | R | NCT00615927 | ||||
| PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway | Macrolide | Sirolimus | Vandetanib | I | R | NCT00821080 | |
| TMZ | I | P/M | NCT00784914 | ||||
| Erlotinib | I/II | R | NCT00509431 | ||||
| I/II | P | NCT00411619 | |||||
| Erlotinib | II | R | NCT00672243 | ||||
| III | R | NCT00789828 | |||||
| Temsirolimus | TMZ | I | P/M | NCT00784914 | |||
| TMZ + XRT | I | P | NCT00316849 | ||||
| Perifosine | I/II | R | NCT01051557 | ||||
| Erlotinib | I/II | R | NCT00112736 | ||||
| Sorafenib, Erlotinib, Tipifarnib | I/II | R | NCT00335764 | ||||
| Sorafenib | I/II | R | NCT00329719 | ||||
| TMZ + XRT | II | P | NCT01019434 | ||||
| Bevacizumab | II | R | NCT00800917 | ||||
| Everolimus | Imatinib + HU | I | R | NCT00613132 | |||
| TMZ | I | P/R | NCT00387400 | ||||
| I/II | P | NCT00411619 | |||||
| TMZ + XRT | I/II | P | NCT00553150 | ||||
| Gefitinib | I/II | P | NCT00085566 | ||||
| AEE788 | I/II | R | NCT00107237 | ||||
| II | R | NCT00782626 | |||||
| II | R | NCT00823459 | |||||
| II | R | NCT00831324 | |||||
| TMZ + XRT, then bevacizumab | II | P | NCT00805961 | ||||
| Ras/MAPK pathway | SMI | Tipifarnib | TMZ + XRT | I | P | NCT00049387 | |
| XRT | I/II | P | NCT00079339 | ||||
| Sorafenib, Erlotinib, Temsirolimus | I/II | R | NCT00335764 | ||||
| XRT | II | P | NCT00209989 | ||||
| Lonafarnib | TMZ | I | R | NCT00083096 | |||
| TMZ | I | R | NCT00102648 | ||||
| PKC | SMI | Enzastaurin | I | R | NCT00112788 | ||
| TMZ | I | P | NCT00516607 | ||||
| Carboplatin | I | R | NCT00438997 | ||||
| I | P | NCT00503724 | |||||
| Bevacizumab | II | R | NCT00559923 | ||||
| Bevacizumab | II | R | NCT00586508 | ||||
| XRT | II | P | NCT00509821 | ||||
| v. CCNU | III | R | NCT00295815 | ||||
| Multi-target | SMI | Dasatinib | Vandetanib + XRT | I | P | NCT00996723 | |
| Erlotinib | I | R | NCT00609999 | ||||
| Bevacizumab | I/II | R | NCT00892177 | ||||
| TMZ + XRT | I/II | P | NCT00895960 | ||||
| CCNU | I/II | R | NCT00948389 | ||||
| II | R | NCT00423735 | |||||
| Pazopanib | I | R | NCT00929903 | ||||
| Lapatinib | II | R | NCT00350727 | ||||
| Sorafenib | I | P | NCT00884416 | ||||
| I | R | NCT00093613 | |||||
| XRT | I | P/M | NCT00639262 | ||||
| TMZ + XRT | I/II | P | NCT00734526 | ||||
| Erlotinib, Tipifarnib, or Temsirolimus | I/II | R | NCT00335764 | ||||
| Temsirolimus | I/II | R | NCT00329719 | ||||
| TMZ | II | R | NCT00597493 | ||||
| TMZ + XRT | II | P | NCT00544817 | ||||
| Bevacizumab | II | R | NCT00621686 | ||||
| Sunitinib | Irinotecan | I | R | NCT00611728 | |||
| II | R | NCT00923117 | |||||
| II | R | NCT00713388 | |||||
| II | R | NCT00499473 | |||||
| II | R | NCT00606008 | |||||
| II | R | NCT00535379 | |||||
| N/A | R | NCT00864864 | |||||
| Tandutinib | I/II | R | NCT00379080 | ||||
| Bevacizumab | II | R | NCT00667394 | ||||
| Vandetanib | Etoposide | I | R | NCT00613223 | |||
| Dasatinib + XRT | I | P | NCT00996723 | ||||
| XRT | I | P | NCT00472017 | ||||
| I | R | NCT00721292 | |||||
| XRT | I | R | NCT00822887 | ||||
| Sirolimus | I | R | NCT00821080 | ||||
| I/II | R | NCT00293566 | |||||
| TMZ + XRT | I/II | P | NCT00441142 | ||||
| Carboplatin | II | R | NCT00995007 | ||||
| Imatinib | II | R | NCT00613054 | ||||
| XL184 | TMZ + XRT | I | P | NCT00960492 | |||
| II | R | NCT00704288 | |||||
| Biological Therapies | Oncolytic virus | Reolysin | I/II | R | NCT00528684 | ||
| MV-CEA | I | R | NCT00390299 | ||||
| Delta-24- RGD | Surgery | I | R | NCT00805376 | |||
| Gene therapy | AdV-tk | Valacyclovir | I | P | NCT00751270 | ||
| II | P | NCT00589875 | |||||
| II | N/A | NCT00870181 | |||||
| MMP-2 | Receptor-ligand targeted toxins | TM-601 | I | R | NCT00591058 | ||
| I/II | R | NCT00683761 | |||||
| II | R | NCT00114309 | |||||
| EGFR | Antibody | Nimotuzumab | TMZ + XRT | III | P | NCT00753246 | |
| MAb-425 | TMZ + XRT | II | P | NCT00589706 | |||
| Cetuximab | Irinotecan | II | P | NCT01012609 | |||
| TMZ + XRT | II | P | NCT00311857 | ||||
| TMZ + XRT | II | P | NCT01044225 | ||||
| VEGF | Antibody | Bevacizumab | Fosbretabulin | I | R | NCT01052363 | |
| I | R | NCT00968240 | |||||
| Pabinostat | I/II | R | NCT00859222 | ||||
| metronic TMZ | II | R | NCT00501891 | ||||
| Erlotinib | II | R | NCT00671970 | ||||
| BCNU + TMZ + XRT | II | P | NCT00660621 | ||||
| Irinotechan + Carboplatin | II | R | NCT00953121 | ||||
| Tandutinib | II | R | NCT00667394 | ||||
| Bortezomib | II | R | NCT00611325 | ||||
| BCNU | II | R | NCT00795665 | ||||
| Enzasturin | II | R | NCT00559923 | ||||
| Irinotecan + BCNU | II | R | NCT00735436 | ||||
| TMZ + topotechan + XRT | II | P | NCT01004874 | ||||
| TMZ + irinotechan | II | P | NCT00612339 | ||||
| Irinotechan | II | R | NCT00921167 | ||||
| TMZ | II | R | NCT00883298 | ||||
| TMZ or irinotechan | II | P | NCT00817284 | ||||
| TMZ + XRT | II | P | NCT00590681 | ||||
| III | P | NCT00943826 | |||||
| TMZ + XRT | III | P | NCT00884741 | ||||
| TMZ + XRT | I | P | NCT00650923 | ||||
| Decoy receptor | Aflibercept | II | R | NCT00369590 | |||
| II | R | NCT00427440 | |||||
| SF/HGF | Antibody | AMG-102 | II | R | NCT00677716 | ||
| Histone H1 | Antibody | Cotara | TMZ | II | P | NCT00458601 | |
| Immunotherapy | EGFRvIII peptide vaccine | CDX-110 | TMZ + XRT | II | P | NCT00639639 | |
| Dendritic cell therapy | CMV DC | TMZ + XRT | II | P | NCT01006044 | ||
| Pep DC | TMZ + XRT | II | P | NCT00045968 | |||
| TMZ + XRT | I | P | NCT00890032 | ||||
| RNA DC | TMZ + XRT | I/II | P | NCT00846456 | |||
| v. TMZ/BCNU | III | R | NCT00761280 | ||||
| Immune system stimulants | AP 12009 | v. Prolifeprosan + Gliadel Wafer | II | P | NCT00814593 | ||
| Adoptive immune therapy | LAK cells | I/II | R | NCT00990496 | |||
| CTL | Bevacizumab + irinotecan | I | R | NCT00762255 | |||
| Epigenetic therapies | HDAC | HDAC inhibitors | Vorinostat | Bevacizumab + TMZ | I\II | R | NCT00939991 |
| carboplatin + isotretinoin | I\II | R | NCT00555399 | ||||
| Vorinostat | II | R | NCT00641706 | ||||
| II | R | NCT00238303 | |||||
| I\II | R | NCT00085540 | |||||
| Romidepsin | TMZ + XRT | II | P | NCT00313664 | |||
| Valproic acid | II | R | NCT00679354 | ||||
| Anti-invasive agents | Integrin | Integrin inhibitors | Celingitide | II | R | NCT00093964 | |
| Cediranib | II | R | NCT00979862 | ||||
| TMZ + XRT | II | P | NCT00813943 | ||||
| TMZ + XRT | II | P | NCT00689221 | ||||
| TMZ + XRT | II | P | NCT01044225 | ||||
| I | R | NCT00822458 | |||||
| Cellular development, maintenance, and apoptosis | SHH signaling | SMI | GDC-0449 | II | R | NCT00939484 | |
| Surgery | II | R | NCT00980343 |
*
Tumors categorized as primary (P), progressive/recurrent (R), or both (P/R)
+: with; −: without; AA: anaplastic astrocytomas; AdV-tk: Adenovirus mediated herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase; CCNU: lomustine; CNS: central nervous system; Cotara: 131I-chTNT-1/BmAb; CMV DC: Cytomegalovirus activated dendritic cell; CTL: cytotoxic T lymphocytes; EIAED: enzyme-inducing antiepileptic drug; EGFR: epidermal growth factor receptor; GBM: glioblastoma multiforme; HDAC: Histone deacetylase; HDACi: Histone deacetylase inhibitor; LAK: lymphokine activated killer cell; MGMT: O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase; MMP-2: matrix metalloproteinase– 2; mTOR: mammalian target of rapamycin; MV-CEA: measles virus producing carcinoembryonic antigen; NCT ID: national clinical trial identifier; Pep DC: peptide activated dendritic cell; PDGFR: platelet-derived growth factor receptor; PI3K: phosphoinositide 3-kinase; PKC: protein kinase C; RNA DC: RNA-activated dendritic cell; SF/HGF: scatter factor/hepatocyte growth factor; SHH: sonic hedgehog homolog; SMI: small molecule inhibitor; TMZ: temozolomide; v.: versus; VEGF: vascular endothelial growth factor; VEGFR: vascular endothelial growth factor receptor; XRT: radiotherapy