Fig. 4.

Effects of DksA and ppGpp on in vitro transcription from the pB promoter. Representative results are shown on autoradiograms, and the summary of the results (mean values from three experiments with error bars indicating SD) is shown at the diagram (the presence of following factors in the reaction mixture is shown: diamonds DksA, squares ppGpp, triangles DksA and ppGpp). In control experiments, analogous reactions were performed with the λp _R promoter (the bottom panel), with either no additional factors (Ctrl), ppGpp (200 μM), DksA (400 nM) or ppGpp and DksA (200 μM and 400 nM, respectively)