Fig. 4.

Resveratrol attenuated LPS-induced microglia activation. Rat primary mesencephalic neuron-glia cultures were pretreated with resveratrol (60 μM) for 30 min before LPS (10 ng/ml) stimulation. After 1, 4, and 7 days of LPS treatment, the total cell protein was harvested, respectively, and the level of Iba-1 protein was determined by Western blotting analysis (A). The ratio of densitometry values of Iba-1 and β-actin was accessed and normalized to each respective control group (B). Results were the mean ± S.E.M. from three independent experiments performed in triplicate. #, p < 0.05 compared with control cultures; *, p < 0.05 compared with LPS-treated cultures. Seven days after LPS treatment, the cultures were immunostained with anti-Iba-1 antibody (C). Activated microglia exhibited an enlarged cell body and irregular shapes, a shift from resting round and small cells to the highly activated amoeboid status. Images presented were representative of three independent experiments. Scale bar, 200 μm.