Table 4.
Distinguishing features of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus
| T1D | T2D | |
|---|---|---|
| Start | Abrupt and symptomatic | Slow consolidation, with few symptoms |
| Family history | 5% T1D | 75-100% T2D |
| Insulin resistance | uncommon | common |
| Obesity | Obese, normal or thin | Typically present |
| Polidypsia, poliuria | symptomatic | Usually absent or mild |
| Ketoacidosis | 30-40% at diagnosis | 5-25 % at diagnosis |
| Hypertension and hyperlipemia | - | + |
| Sleep apnea | - | + |
| Acanthosis nigricans | - | + |
| Polycystic ovary | - | + |
| C-peptide levels | Low | Normal or elevated |
| Anti-pancreatic antibodies | + (70-90%) | Absent |
| Acanthosis nigricans | - | + |
T1D: type 1 diabetes; T2D: type 2 diabetes.