Table 1. Text similarity within different sections of articles.
| Introduction | Methods | Results | |
| Number of documents | 61149 | 50360 | 135062 |
| Frequency of similar pairs (SA)a | 222 (0.0036) | 605 (0.012) | 220 (0.0016) |
| Frequency of similar pairs (DA)a | 96(0.0016) | 330 (0.0066) | 213 (0.0016) |
| Frequency of similar pairs (total)a | 318(0.0052) | 935 (0.019) | 433 (0.0032) |
| Odds of similar pair having shared authorsb | 2.31 | 1.83 | 1.03 |
Duplication of methods or introduction sections is more likely committed by the same authors than duplication of results sections.
Abbreviation: SA, sharing at least one author; DA, no shared authors.
a
Values are expressed as number of similar pairs (relative frequency of similar pairs).
b
Values are calculated as frequency of similar pairs (SA)/frequency of similar pairs (DA).