. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Jul 1.

Published in final edited form as: Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2010 Jul;62(7):917–923. doi: 10.1002/acr.20165

Table 1.

Peak joint moments during walking.

	Barefoot	Clog	Stability shoe	Flat walking shoe	Flip-flop
Knee adduction	2.7±0.7^b ^c	3.1± 0.7^a ^d ^e	3.0± 0.7^a ^d ^e	2.8± 0.7^b ^c	2.7± 0.8^b ^c
Knee flexion	1.2± 1.0	1.3± 1.0	1.3± 1.1	1.4± 1.1	1.2± 1.2
Hip adduction	3.0± 1.2	3.2± 1.0	3.2± 1.2	3.2± 1.1	3.0± 1.1
Hip flexion	6.1± 2.0^b	5.2± 1.3^a ^d ^e	5.7± 1.5^e	6.0± 1.7^b ^e	6.8± 1.6^b ^c ^d ^e
Ankle dorsiflexion	8.5±0.8^b ^c	8.0±1.1^a ^c ^d ^e	9.0±1.1^a ^b ^e	8.7±0.9^b	8.5±0.9^b ^c
Ankle inversion	1.8±0.6^b	1.6±0.5^a ^c ^e	1.8±0.6^b	1.7±0.5	1.9±0.5^b ^d
Ground Reaction Force (%BW)	103± 10^b ^e	108±8^a	106±9	106±8	108±9^a

All values are reported as mean (standard deviation). Peak moment values are %BW*ht.

p<0.05 with following pair-wise comparisons:

compared to barefoot walking

compared to clogs

compared to stability shoes

compared to flat walking shoe

compared to flip flops