Table 1.
Coupling efficiency and surface coverage of d-mannose immobilized on Au NPs using PFPA-disulfide 2 as the coupling agent
| Mannose added (nmol/mg NPs) |
Mannose coupled (nmol/mg NPs) |
Coupling yield (%)a |
Surface coverage (%)b |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0.1 | 0.081 | 85 | 0.11 |
| 0.5 | 0.40 | 80 | 0.56 |
| 1 | 0.78 | 78 | 1.1 |
| 5 | 3.1 | 61 | 4.3 |
| 10 | 5.3 | 53 | 7.4 |
| 50 | 30 | 59 | 41 |
| 80 | 44 | 56 | 62 |
| 100 | 57 | 57 | 80 |
| 120 | 58 | N/A | 80 |
| 150 | 57 | N/A | 80 |
a
Coupling yield = mannose coupled/mannose added × 100%.
b
Surface coverage = mannose coupled/max. mannose computed × 100%. The max. mannose computed is 71.7 nmol/mg NPs for 20 nm Au NPs (see ESI† for detailed calculation).