Table 3.

Results of univariate and multivariate analyses of associations between failure to cure after 1 dose of PZQ and year of treatment, previous exposure to dying worms, intensity of infection, and HIV status

Variable	Unadjusted OR (95% CI)	Adjusted^* OR (95% CI)
Year
1995	4.5 (2.4, 8.6)^†	0.7 (0.3, 1.7)
1996	1.6 (0.7, 3.7)	0.5 (0.2, 1.4)
1997	1.5 (0.7, 3.1)	1.1 (0.5, 2.5)
1998	1.7 (0.9, 3.2)	1.2 (0.5, 2.5)
1999	2.4 (1.1, 5.1)^†	1.0 (0.4, 2.6)
2000	3.8 (1.4, 10.3)^†	1.6 (0.4, 6.8)
2001	3.6 (1.3, 9.8)^†	1.7 (0.3, 7.9)
2002	8.8 (3.7, 21.3)^†	2.6 (0.8, 7.8)
2003	3.4 (1.8, 6.5)^†	0.9 (0.3, 2.5)
2004	Ref	Ref
2005	0.7 (0.4, 1.4)	0.4 (0.1, 1.0)^†
2006	6.9 (3.7, 12.9)^†	4.2 (2.1, 8.3) ^†
2007	1.7 (0.8, 3.9)	1.6 (0.6, 4.4)
Past exposure to dying worms^‡
Yes	0.4 (0.3, 0.5)^†	0.5 (0.4, 0.8)^†
No	Ref	Ref
Log epg (continuous)	1.5 (1.4, 1.6)^†	1.5 (1.3, 1.8) ^†
HIV status
Positive	0.6 (0.4, 0.8)^†	1.1 (0.7, 1.6)
Negative	Ref	Ref

OR = Odds ratio

CI = Confidence interval

EPG = eggs per gram of feces

Adjusted for all other variables in table

^†

p < 0.05

^‡

Past exposure to dying worms is defined as having worked in the lake at least 10 years or having at least 3 prior documented cures