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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Exp Aging Res. 2010 Oct;36(4):394–425. doi: 10.1080/0361073X.2010.509010

Table 2.

Descriptive Statistics by Gender

Men Women
Cognitive Functioning N M SD Min Max N M SD Min Max p-value
MMSEb 37 18.81 7.75 0 30 207 15.73 8.92 0 30 0.050
GDRSd 37 3.51 1.39 1 6 203 4.15 1.72 1 7 0.036
FOME Delayed recallb 37 3.32 2.73 0 9 198 2.83 3.13 0 10 0.368
FOME Delayed recognitionb 37 3.86 2.29 0 8 198 2.85 2.46 0 9 0.021
FOME Retentionb 37 7.19 3.61 0 10 198 5.68 4.09 0 10 0.038
WAIS Similaritiesb 37 9.14 8.76 0 26 201 6.70 7.85 0 30 0.090
COWATb 37 4.19 4.05 0 17 198 3.91 3.54 0 15 0.666
Handtapsb 37 32.93 17.74 0 59 199 27.69 18.14 0 60.5 0.107
Behavior Dyscontrol Scaleb 37 9.89 6.06 0 19 195 7.95 6.60 0 19 0.100
Severe Impairment Batteryc 37 85.51 18.85 20 100 203 75.42 30.94 0 100 0.009
Independent Living Scaleb 37 23.51 11.78 0 39 194 20.53 12.32 0 40 0.175
Mini Nutritional Assessmentb 32 18.70 2.50 13.5 22 183 17.40 3.00 7 22.5 0.017
Physical Functioning
Grip strength (kg)c 37 18.21 12.65 0 60 206 8.91 9.47 0 52 0.001
Leg strength (kg)c 27 12.23 8.46 3.25 35 126 7.18 4.15 1.55 25.8 0.005
OARS BADLb 36 11.64 3.67 0 15 177 10.93 4.02 0 15 0.045
OARS IADLb 35 9.89 3.34 0 14 177 8.38 4.15 0 14 0.096
DAFS BADLb 36 18.56 6.75 0 23 192 16.09 8.32 0 23 0.015
DAFS IADLb 37 32.76 16.31 0 58 191 24.72 18.52 0 58 0.034
SPPBb 37 2.22 3.42 0 6 207 2.09 2.64 0 6 0.835
PPMEb 35 2.17 2.66 0 9 203 1.31 2.12 0 10 0.034
Health and Health Habits
Systolic blood pressureb 37 129.68 14.60 110 170 204 127.40 15.58 90 190 0.410
Diastolic blood pressureb 37 73.76 9.91 58 100 204 73.79 9.24 38 100 0.982
Pulse pressureb 37 55.92 12.44 34 80 204 53.60 15.76 24 110 0.398
Homocysteine (μmol/L)b 36 15.52 7.15 8 41.10 189 14.12 6.57 5.7 72.3 0.248
Vitamin B12 (pmol/L)b 36 359.73 350.20 73.70 1986.22 197 413.88 439.79 73.7 4830.3 0.485
Smokinga 37% 204%
Never smoked 37.83 77.94
Former smoker 56.75 19.61
Current smoker 5.40 2.45 0.001
Alcohola 37% 205%
Never used 43.24 65.37
Formerly used 29.73 19.02
Currently uses 27.02 15.61 0.030
BMI (kg/m2)c 36% 23.75 3.38 16.62 35.25 201% 22.41 4.79 13.11 51.87 0.046
Underweight 5.55 19.90
Optimal weight 66.67 55.72
Overweight 25.00 18.41
Obese 2.78 5.97 a0.123
Lifetime prevalence of reported
diseases
Depressiona 37 0.03 0.16 0 1 207 0.16 0.37 0 1 0.037
Cardiovascular diseasea 37 0.54 0.51 0 1 207 0.66 0.48 0 1 0.195
Psychiatrica 37 0.03 0.16 0 1 207 0.21 0.41 0 1 0.005
Cancera 37 0.05 0.23 0 1 207 0.05 0.21 0 1 1.000
Neurologicala 37 0.11 0.31 0 1 207 0.03 0.17 0 1 0.048
Kidney diseasea 37 0.11 0.31 0 1 207 0.03 0.18 0 1 0.067
Osteoporosisa 37 0.03 0.16 0 1 207 0.28 0.45 0 1 0.001
Diabetesa 37 0.08 0.28 0 1 207 0.09 0.28 0 1 1.000
Anxietya 37 0.03 0.16 0 1 207 0.06 0.24 0 1 0.701
Psychosisa 37 0.00 0.00 0 0 207 0.03 0.17 0 1 0.595
Hypertensiona 37 0.32 0.47 0 1 207 0.47 0.50 0 1 0.108
Strokea 37 0.03 0.16 0 1 207 0.00 0.07 0 1 0.281
Coronary artery diseasea 37 0.00 0.00 0 0 207 0.02 0.14 0 1 1.000
Congestive heart failurea 37 0.19 0.40 0 1 207 0.15 0.36 0 1 0.627
Peripheral artery diseasea 37 0.16 0.37 0 1 207 0.20 0.40 0 1 0.659
Cardiomegalya 37 0.00 0.00 0 0 207 0.00 0.07 0 1 1.000
Cardiac symptomsa 37 0.05 0.23 0 1 207 0.06 0.24 0 1 1.000
a

Fisher's Exact

b

t-test with equal variances

c

t-test with unequal variances

d

Kruskal-Wallis