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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Addict Behav. 2010 Aug 11;35(12):1105–1112. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2010.08.005

Table 1.

Comparison of Permissiveness Groups on Baseline Alcohol Socialization Variables

Parents' Permissiveness for Daughter's Drinking At Home (High School)

No Drinking (n = 295) Family Meals (n = 101) Friends (n = 72)

M (SD) M (SD) M(SD) η 2

Mother's Alcohol Use (90 days)
 Mother's average number of drinks per occasion 0.88a (.71) 1.00a (.62) 1.14b (.68) .02
 Mother's frequency of HED 0.45 (.74) 0.47 (.77) 0.62 (.68) <01
 Daughter saw mother Intoxicated 1.49a (.73) 1.59a,b (.65) 1.73b (.72) .02
Alcohol Socialization Factors
 General communication (i.e., monitoring) 4.25a (.68) 4.26a, b (.54) 4.03b (.74) .02
 Average number of alcohol topics discussed with daughter 2.25 (.82) 2.18 (.73) 2.17 (.56) <01
 Perceived mother's approval of drinking 1.51a (.46) 1.83b (.40) 2.26c (.50) .26

Note. Means in each row sharing a common subscript are not statistically different at p. = .05. according to the Tukey HSD procedure. HED: heavy episodic drinking.