Table 1.
Functional neuroimaging of cerebellar activation in experimental and pathological pain studies.
| A. Experimental pain | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Paper | Method | Subjects | Stimulation | Site | Foci | |
| (Casey et al., 1996) | PET | 9 (3F) | Thermode | L arm | 1 (C) | |
| Cold water bath | L hand | 1 (C) | ||||
| (Hsieh et al., 1996) | PET | 4 (3F) | Ethanol injection | R arm | 2 (I) | |
| (Svensson et al., 1997) | PET | 11M | Laser | L arm | 1 (I) | |
| Electric | L arm | 1 (I) | ||||
| (Xu et al., 1997) | PET | 6M | Laser | L hand | 2 (B) | |
| (Derbyshire and Jones, 1998) | PET | 12M | Hot water bath | R hand | 1 (I) | |
| (Iadarola et al., 1998) | PET | 13 (5F) | Capsaicin injection | L arm | 5 (B) | |
| (May et al., 1998b) | PET | 7M | Capsaicin injection | R forehead | 3 (B) | |
| (Paulson et al., 1998) | PET | 10M | Thermode | L arm | 2 (I) | |
| 10F | Thermode | L arm | 3 (B) | |||
| (Svensson et al., 1998) | PET | 10 (4F) | Thermode (Tonic) | R arm | 1 (I) | |
| Thermode (Phasic) | R arm | 1 (I) | ||||
| (Becerra et al., 1999) | fMRI | 6M | Thermode (4x) | L arm | 1 (I) | |
| Thermode (3x) | L arm | 1 (I) | ||||
| (Coghill et al., 1999) | PET | 16 (7F) | Thermode | R arm | 2 (B) | |
| (Peyron et al., 1999) | PET | 12 (?F) | Thermode | R arm (L flipped) | 1 (B) | |
| (Becerra et al., 2001) | fMRI | 8M | Thermode | L hand | 3 (B) early | |
| 5 (B) late | ||||||
| (Casey et al., 2001) | PET | 14 (4F) | Thermode | L arm | 2 (B) | |
| (Coghill et al., 2001) | PET | 9 (5F) | Thermode | R arm | 17 (B) | |
| L arm | 15 (B) | |||||
| (Witting et al., 2001) | PET | 8 (2F) | Capsaicin injection | L arm | 1 (C) | |
| (Bingel et al., 2002) | fMRI | 14 (1F) | Laser | R/L hand | 2 (B) | |
| (Brooks et al., 2002) | fMRI | 18 (6F) | Thermode | R hand | 2 (B) | |
| L hand | 1 (I) | |||||
| (Derbyshire et al., 2002) | PET | 16 (11F) | Thermode | R hand | 1 (C) | |
| (Dimitrova et al., 2003) | PET | 16 (5F) | Electric | L tibial nerve | 13 (B) | |
| (Helmchen et al., 2003) | fMRI | 12 (3F) | Thermode | R hand | 16 (B) | |
| (Koyama et al., 2003) | fMRI | 9 (3F) | Thermode | R calf | 1 (I) | |
| (Nemoto et al., 2003) | PET | 12 (6F) | Laser | R arm | 2 (B) | |
| (Strigo et al., 2003) | fMRI | 7 (3F) | Balloon | Esophagus | 4 (B) | |
| Thermode | Upper chest | 5 (B) | ||||
| (Derbyshire et al., 2004) | fMRI | 8 (5F) | Thermode | R hand | 1 (I) | |
| (Giesecke et al., 2004) | fMRI | 11 (4F) | Pressure | L finger | 1 (I) | |
| (Helmchen et al., 2004) | fMRI | 16M | Thermode | R hand | 2 (I) | |
| (Ibinson et al., 2004) | fMRI | 6 (3F) | Electric | R median nerve | 1 (I) | |
| (Kupers et al., 2004) | PET | 10 (4F) | HT-saline injection | R face | 3 (B) | |
| (Wager et al., 2004) | fMRI | 24 (?F) | Electric | R wrist | 6 (I) | |
| 23 (?F) | Thermode | L arm | 6 (I) | |||
| (Botvinick et al., 2005) | fMRI | 12F | Thermode | L hand | 1 (I) | |
| (Koyama et al., 2005) | fMRI | 10 (2F) | Thermode | R leg | 3 (B) | |
| (Wiech et al., 2005) | fMRI | 15 (5F) | Thermode | L arm | 8 (C) | |
| (Albuquerque et al., 2006) | fMRI | 8F | Thermode | R face | 2 (B) | |
| (Carlsson et al., 2006) | fMRI | 10 (3F) | Electric | R wrist | 3 (B) | |
| (Choi et al., 2006) | fMRI | 18F | Hot water bath | L finger | 3 (B) | |
| (Farrell et al., 2006) | fMRI | 10M | Pressure | L finger | 1 (I) | |
| (Kong et al., 2006) | fMRI | 8M | Thermode | R arm | 2 (B) | |
| (Ruehle et al., 2006) | fMRI | 13 (9F) | Electric (ICS) | R foot | 3 (B) | |
| Electric (TCS) | R foot | 3 (B) | ||||
| (Oshiro et al., 2007) | fMRI | 12 (6F) | Thermode | L leg | 2 (B) | |
| (Seminowicz and Davis, 2007) | fMRI | 23 (12F) | Electric | L median nerve | 0 (C)** | |
| (Staud et al., 2007) | fMRI | 13F | Thermode | R foot | 1 (I) | |
| (Borsook et al., 2008) | fMRI | 12 (3F) | Thermode | R face | 4 (B)* | |
| (Helmchen et al., 2008) | fMRI | 14M | Thermode | L hand | 9 (B) | |
| Laser | L hand | 9 (B) | ||||
| (Tseng et al., 2009) | fMRI | 12 (6F) | Thermode | R foot | 2 (B) | |
| B. Pathological pain | ||||||
| Paper | Method | Subjects | Condition | Stimulation | Site | Foci |
| (Hsieh et al., 1995) | PET | 4 (1F) | Neuropathy (L) | Spontaneous pain | L | 1 (I) |
| 4 (3F) | Neuropathy (R) | Spontaneous pain | R varied | 1 (C) | ||
| 8 (4F) | Neuropathy (R+L) | Spontaneous pain | R+L varied (no flip) | 1 | ||
| (May et al., 1998a) | PET | 9M | Cluster headache | Triggered headache | L (R flipped) | 1 (C) |
| (Petrovic et al., 1999) | PET | 5 (3F) | Neuropathy | Brushallodynia (vs. rest) | R varied (L flipped) | 4 (B) |
| Brush allodynia (vs. touch) | R varied (L flipped) | 4 (B) | ||||
| (Derbyshire et al., 2002) | PET | 16 (12F) | Back pain | Thermode | R hand | 1 |
| (Giesecke et al., 2004) | fMRI | 11 (8F) | Back pain | Pressure | L finger | 1 (I) |
| 16 (12F) | Fibromyalgia | Pressure | L finger | 1 (I) | ||
| (Albuquerque et al., 2006) | fMRI | 8F | Burning mouth | Thermal hyperalgesia | R face | 1 (C) |
| (Becerra et al., 2006) | fMRI | 6 (5F) | Neuropathy | Cold allodynia | R face | 1 (I)* |
| Brush allodynia | R face | 2 (B)* | ||||
| Thermal hyperalgesia | R face | 2 (B)* | ||||
| (Ducreux et al., 2006) | fMRI | 6 (?F) | Syringomyelia | Cold allodynia | R hand (L flipped) | 1 (C) |
| (Schweinhardt et al., 2006) | fMRI | 8 (4F) | Neuropathy | Brush allodynia | R hand (L flipped) | 2 (B) |
| (Witting et al., 2006) | PET | 9 (3F) | Neuropathy | Brush allodynia | L varied (R flipped) | 1 (I) |
| (Geha et al., 2007) | fMRI | 11 (10F) | PHN | Spontaneous pain | L varied (R flipped) | 1 (I)* |
| (Borsook et al., 2008) | fMRI | 6 (5F) | Neuropathy (R) | Thermode | R face | 8 (B)* |
| Brush allodynia | R face | 19 (B)* | ||||
| (Geha et al., 2008) | fMRI | 11 (9F) | PHN | Brush allodynia | L varied (R flipped) | 1 (C)* |
*
Continuous pain ratings collected during imaging.
**
Did not report activation foci coordinates.
Abbreviations: B=bilateral, C=contralateral to stimuli, HT-saline=hypertonic saline, I=ipsilateral to stimuli, ICS=intracutaneous stimulation, TCS=transcutaneous stimulation
*
Continuous pain ratings collected during imaging.
Abbreviations: B=bilateral, C=contralateral to stimuli, HT-saline=hypertonic saline, I=ipsilateral to stimuli, ICS=intracutaneous stimulation, PHN=postherpetic neuralgia