Table.

Arterial Remodeling: Impact of Dietary Sodium, Aging, Hypertension, and Atherosclerosis and Ang II Signaling

		Aging
	Humans (>65 yrs)	Monkeys (15–20 yrs)	Rats (24–30 mos)	Rabbits (3–6 yrs)	Hypertension	Atherosclerosis	Ang II Signaling
Lumenal dilation	+	+	+	+	?	?	?
↑ Stiffness	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Endothelial dysfunction	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Diffuse Intimal Thickening	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Lipid involvement	−	−	−	−	±	+	+
↑ VSMC number	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Macrophages	+	−	−	+	+	+	+
↑ Matrix	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
↑ Local ACE-ANGII- AT1	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
MMP/Calpain dysregulation	+	+	+	?	+	+	+
↑ MCP-1/CCR2	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
↑ ICAM-1	?	?	+	?	+	+	+
↑ TGF-B	+	+	+	?	+	+	+
↑ NADPH Oxidase	?	?	+	?	+	+	+
↓ Nitric Oxide Bioavailability	?	?	+	+	+	+	+
HYPERTENSION	±	±	±	?	+	±	+
ATHEROSCLEROSIS	±	−	−	−	±	+	+

? =information unknown