Table 1. Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of the Patients.
| Variable | All Patients (N = 64) | PVR Alone (N = 34) | PVR with RV Remodeling (N = 30) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender (male:female) | 2.2 | 2.8 | 1.7 | 0.43 |
| Race, n (%) | 0.19 | |||
| White | 54 (84) | 31 (91) | 23 (77) | |
| Black | 5 (8) | 1 (3) | 4 (13) | |
| Hispanic and other | 5 (8) | 2 (6) | 3 (10) | |
| Median age at enrollment (years) | 21 (11 - 58) | 20 (11 - 57) | 21 (12 - 58) | 0.80 |
| Median age at initial RVOT surgery* (years) | 1 (0 - 18) | 1 (0 - 16) | 1 (0 - 18) | 0.36 |
| Median time from RVOT surgery* to PVR (years) | 20 (11 - 47) | 19 (11 - 47) | 20 (11 - 45) | 0.98 |
| Body surface area at time of PVR (m2) | 1.68 ± 0.34 | 1.70 ± 0.34 | 1.66 ± 0.34 | 0.62 |
| Diagnosis, n (%) | 0.42 | |||
| Tetralogy of Fallot** | 51 (80) | 28 (82) | 23 (77) | |
| Pulmonary stenosis or atresia with IVS | 5 (8) | 2 (6) | 3 (10) | |
| Truncus arteriosus | 2 (3) | 2 (6) | 0 (0) | |
| Other | 6 (9) | 2 (6) | 4 (13) | |
| Median number of previous cardiac surgical procedures | 2 (1 - 7) | 2 (1 - 7) | 1 (1 - 7) | 0.06 |
| Cardiac symptoms, n (%) | 44 (69) | 22 (65) | 22 (73) | 0.59 |
| Cardiac medications, n (%) | 27 (42) | 11 (32) | 16 (53) | 0.13 |
| NYHA class, n (%)1 | 0.96 | |||
| I | 34 (54) | 18 (55) | 16 (53) | |
| II | 23 (37) | 12 (36) | 11 (37) | |
| III | 5 (8) | 2 (6) | 3 (10) | |
| IV | 1 (2) | 1 (3) | 0 (0) |
Data presented as median (range) or mean ± SD, as appropriate
*
RVOT surgery= right ventricular outflow tract procedure resulting in pulmonary regurgitation
**
Associated pulmonary atresia was present in 8 patients, absent pulmonary valve in 3, and common atrioventricular canal in 3
1
NYHA class missing for one patient in the PVR Alone group.
IVS= intact ventricular septum; PA= pulmonary artery; PVR= pulmonary valve replacement; RV= right ventricle; RVOT= right ventricular outflow tract