Table 2.

Values of Biomarkers of Vascular Dysfunction among 160 Children, by HIV Status.

Adjusted Geometric Mean [95% CI]
Log-transformed biomarker	Control	HIV	P-value
Inflammation
CRP (mg/L)**	0.54 [0.34, 0.86]	0.92 [0.64, 1.34]	0.08
IL-6 (pg/mL)	0.88 [0.68, 1.14]	1.26 [1.06, 1.51]	0.029
MCP-1 (pg/mL)	106 [92, 123]	154 [139, 171]	<0.001
Coagulant Dysfunction
Fibrinogen (mg/dL)	324 [299, 350]	376 [356, 399]	0.006
P-selectin (ng/mL)	28.5 [25.0, 32.5]	30.9 [28.2, 33.8]	0.29
Endothelial Dysfunction
sICAM (ng/mL)	185 [154, 222]	240 [210, 271]	0.032
sVCAM (ng/mL)	685 [589, 793]	1141 [1026, 1263]	<0.001
E-selectin (ng/mL)	25.0 [21.6, 29.0]	29.7 [26.7, 32.7]	0.07
Metabolic Dysfunction
Leptin (ng/mL)	6.6 [5.2, 8.2]	5.3 [4.5, 6.2]	0.12

CRP = C-reactive protein

IL-6 = interleukin-6

MCP-1 = monocyte chemoattractant protein-1

sICAM = soluble intracellular cell adhesion molecule-1

sVCAM = soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1

^*Means and p-values are adjusted for correlation between siblings, as well as for sex, race, age in quartiles and BMI z-scores in quartiles. Data were analyzed on the log scale.

^**Sample sizes for CRP are 49 in controls and 70 in HIV-infected children.