Table 2. Independent associations of patient characteristics with excess mortality.
| Patient characteristic | Comparison category | Reference category | Relative risk of excess mortality (95% CI) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | Female | Male | 1.25 (0.92-1.71) | 0.16 | |
| Age group at enrollment in years | 35-44 | 25-34 | 0.89 (0.65-1.23) | 0.49 | |
| 45-54 | 0.79 (0.54-1.15) | 0.22 | |||
| 55-64 | 1.43 (0.82-2.48) | 0.20 | |||
| Race | African-American | Other | 1.12 (0.86-1.47) | 0.41 | |
| Exposure | Injection drug use | Men having sex with men | 1.35 (0.82-2.24) | 0.24 | |
| Other exposure | 1.05 (0.77-1.44) | 0.77 | |||
| CD4+ at enrollment in cells/mL | <200 | ≥200 | 2.70 (1.87-3.89) | <0.0001 | |
| Nadir CD4+ in cells/μL * | <100 | ≥100 | 1.38 (0.92-2.07) | 0.12 | |
| HIV viral load at enrollment in copies/μL | ≥400 | <400 | 3.39 (2.28-5.03) | <0.0001 | |
| CMV retinitis at enrollment | Yes | No | 1.58 (1.19-2.10) | 0.002 | |
| Calendar year | Per year from 1999 to 2007 | 0.93 (0.87-0.99) | 0.025 | ||
| Time since AIDS diagnosis | Per year | 1.14 (1.08-1.21) | <0.0001 | ||
| HAART treatment | No HAART | HAART | 1.61 (1.23-2.12) | 0.001 | |
*
CD4+ categories 200-499 cells/μL and ≥500 cells/μL merged into ≥200 cells/ μL because they were similarly associated with excess deaths in the multiple Poisson regression model.