Figure 1.
Hippocampal glucocorticoid receptor expression. (a,b) Mean ± s.e.m. expression levels of total glucocorticoid receptor (GR) mRNA (a) and glucocorticoid receptor 1F (GR1F) in 12 suicide victims with a history of childhood abuse, 12 nonabused suicide victims and 12 control subjects (b). Outliers excluded from analysis included n = 2 control subjects, n = 1 suicide victims with a history of childhood abuse for glucocorticoid receptor 1F and an additional n = 1 suicide victim with a history of childhood abuse, and n = 3 nonabused suicide victims for overall levels of glucocorticoid receptor. * indicates P < 0.05; n.s. indicates not statistically significant.