Table 3.
Combined effect estimates for lung cancer in association with indoor inhalants and smoking.
| Exposure group | Smoking status | n | OR (95% CI)a |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cooking frequency | |||
| < Daily | Nonsmokers | 530 | 1.00 |
| Daily | Nonsmokers | 1,254 | 0.83 (0.64–1.08) |
| < Daily | Current or ex-smokers | 131 | 2.31 (1.52–3.51) |
| Daily | Current or ex-smokers | 340 | 4.50 (3.21–6.30) |
| p-Value (interaction)b < 0.001 | |||
| Use of incense or mosquito coils | |||
| < Daily | Nonsmokers | 657 | 1.00 |
| Daily | Nonsmokers | 1,152 | 0.91 (0.72–1.16) |
| < Daily | Current or ex-smokers | 127 | 2.80 (1.86–4.21) |
| Daily | Current or ex-smokers | 345 | 4.61 (3.41–6.24) |
| p-Value (interaction)b = 0.016 | |||
| Use of charcoal stove | |||
| < Daily | Nonsmokers | 1,642 | 1.00 |
| Daily | Nonsmokers | 155 | 0.67 (0.43–1.04) |
| < Daily | Current or ex-smokers | 419 | 4.08 (3.21–5.18) |
| Daily | Current or ex-smokers | 51 | 4.88 (2.68–8.91) |
| p-Value (interaction)b = 0.128 | |||
| Use of wood stove | |||
| < Daily | Nonsmokers | 1,564 | 1.00 |
| Daily | Nonsmokers | 238 | 0.78 (0.55–1.13) |
| < Daily | Current or ex-smokers | 382 | 3.95 (3.08–5.07) |
| Daily | Current or ex-smokers | 87 | 5.48 (3.42–8.79) |
| p-Value (interaction)b = 0.061 | |||
a
Adjusted as described in “Materials and Methods.”
b
p-Value for the likelihood ratio test for interaction between smoking and cooking, incense or mosquito coils, charcoal stove, and wood stove.