TABLE 2.
Health care and antibiotic exposures and hospitalization-related characteristics by treatment group
| Covariate | Resulta for patients treated with: |
P valueb | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Linezolid (n = 637) | Vancomycin (n = 19,470) | ||
| Previous hospitalizationc | 380 (59.7) | 10,935 (56.2) | 0.081 |
| Previous surgeryd | 164 (25.8) | 4,481 (23.0) | 0.108 |
| Previous antibioticse, mean no. (SD) | 1.9 (2.2) | 1.4 (1.7) | <0.001 |
| Previous linezolid or vancomycin | <0.001 | ||
| Linezolid | 22 (3.5) | 58 (0.3) | |
| Vancomycin | 163 (25.6) | 6,039 (31.0) | |
| Linezolid and vancomycin | 80 (12.6) | 225 (1.2) | |
| Origin of admission | 0.155 | ||
| Home | 518 (81.3) | 16,149 (82.9) | |
| Hospital | 60 (9.4) | 1,438 (7.4) | |
| Nursing home | 59 (9.3) | 1,883 (9.7) | |
| Region of facilityf | <0.001 | ||
| North | 78 (12.2) | 1,948 (10.0) | |
| South | 307 (48.2) | 7,995 (41.1) | |
| Midwest | 105 (16.5) | 4,351 (22.3) | |
| West | 147 (23.1) | 5,176 (26.6) | |
| Procedure during hospitalization | |||
| Surgery | 146 (22.9) | 5,705 (29.3) | 0.001 |
| Catheterization | 93 (14.6) | 6,062 (31.1) | <0.001 |
| Mechanical ventilation | 47 (7.4) | 1,593 (8.2) | 0.467 |
| Dialysis | 27 (4.2) | 1,010 (5.2) | 0.287 |
| MRSA infection type | <0.001 | ||
| Bacteremia | 82 (12.9) | 4,498 (23.1) | |
| Pneumonia | 126 (19.8) | 2,718 (14.0) | |
| Skin and soft tissue | 232 (36.4) | 6,965 (35.8) | |
| Other/not specified | 197 (30.9) | 5,289 (27.1) | |
| Treating specialty | 0.002 | ||
| Intensive care | 82 (12.9) | 2,985 (15.3) | |
| Surgery | 96 (15.1) | 2,032 (10.4) | |
| General medicine | 362 (56.8) | 11,384 (58.5) | |
| Other | 97 (15.2) | 3,069 (15.8) | |
| Treatment initiation ≤3 daysg | 390 (61.2) | 14,802 (76.0) | <0.001 |
| Yr of treatment | <0.001 | ||
| 2002-2004 | 185 (29.0) | 7,665 (39.4) | |
| 2005-2006 | 233 (36.6) | 6,352 (32.6) | |
| 2007-2008 | 219 (34.4) | 5,453 (28.0) | |
a
Data represent numbers of subjects, with percentages in parentheses, unless otherwise indicated.
b
Determined by χ2 test or Wilcoxon rank-sum test as appropriate.
c
All-cause hospitalization to a Veterans Affairs medical unit in the previous year.
d
Any surgical procedure in the previous year.
e
Previous exposures to unique antibiotics, at least one dose, in the 90 days before admission.
f
U.S. Census Bureau-defined regions.
g
Treatment initiated within 3 days of the admission date.