Table 4.
Multivariable Model of the Association between Chronic Asthma Medications and Hospital Admission with No ICS or Salmeterol Usage as the Reference.
| No ICS No Salmeterol (n = 1221; 203 admitted) | No ICS Salmeterol Use (n = 48; 14 admitted) | ICS Use No Salmeterol (n = 787; 212 admitted) | ICS Use Salmeterol Use (n = 180; 60 admitted) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1* | 1.0 (Reference) | 2.1 (1.1 – 3.9) | 1.8 (1.5 – 2.3) | 2.5 (1.8 – 3.5) |
| Model 2† | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.8 (1.0 – 3.5) | 1.6 (1.3 – 2.0) | 2.3 (1.6 – 3.4) |
| Model 3‡ | 1.0 (Reference) | 1.7 (0.8 – 3.3) | 1.2 (0.9 – 1.5) | 1.4 (0.9 – 2.0) |
| Model 4§ | 1.0 (Reference) | 2.2 (1.0 – 4.9) | 1.1 (0.8 – 1.5) | 1.2 (0.8 – 1.9) |
ICS denotes inhaled corticosteroids, ROC, receiver operator curve.
Model 1 is the unadjusted model. Model fit: Hosmer-Lemeshow test, 1.0; Area under ROC, 0.59.
Model 2 controls for 9 factors (age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, estimated median household income, year of enrollment, primary care provider status, insurance status, smoking status). Model fit: Hosmer-Lemeshow test, 0.36; Area under ROC, 0.64.
Model 3 controls for above plus 4 chronic asthma factors (ever intubated for asthma, hospitalized for asthma during past year, use of a home nebulizer, chronic systemic steroid use). Model fit: Hosmer-Lemeshow test, 0.58; Area under ROC, 0.69.
Model 4 controls for above plus 7 acute asthma factors (number of short-acting β2-agonist puffs during 6 hours before ED arrival, duration of symptoms, initial percent-predicted peak expiratory flow rate, number of short-acting β2-agonist treatments over entire ED stay, given systemic steroid treatment in ED, final percent-predicted peak expiratory flow rate, ED length of stay). Model fit: Hosmer-Lemeshow test, 0.82; Area under ROC, 0.86.