Table 1.

Estimated Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy and Vision-Threatening Diabetic Retinopathy in Individuals With Diabetes Aged 40 Years and Older and in the Adult US Population, by Age, Sex, and Race/Ethnicity: NHANES 2005–2008

		Crude Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy
				Diabetes Population			US Population
Characteristics	No.a	No.b	Weighted Size, in Thousandsc	% (95%CI)		P Value	% (95%CI)		P Value
Total	1006	324	4202	28.5 (24.9–32.5)			3.8 (3.2–4.5)
Age, y
40–64	575	189	2588	28.0 (23.0–33.6)		.64	3.1 (2.4–3.9)		<.001
≥65	431	135	1613	29.5 (25.4–33.9)			6.1 (5.1–7.3)
Sex
Male	504	173	2257	31.6 (26.8–36.8)		.04	4.3 (3.5–5.3)		.046
Female	502	151	1944	25.7 (21.7–30.1)			3.3 (2.7–4.1)
Race/ethnicity
Non-Hispanic white	396	107	2507	26.4 (21.4–32.2)		.008	2.9 (2.2–3.9)		<.001
Non-Hispanic black	306	119	1006	38.8 (31.9–46.1)			9.6 (7.7–11.9)
Mexican American	197	70	401	34.0 (26.7–42.1)			6.7 (5.4–8.4)
Other	107	28	286	19.7 (12.5–29.7)			3.3 (2.3–4.7)
		Crude Prevalence of Vision-Threatening Diabetic Retinopathy
Total	1006	62	655	4.4 (3.5–5.7)			0.6 (0.5–0.8)
Age, y
40–64	575	36	376	4.1 (2.8–5.8)		.41	0.4 (0.3–0.7)		.009
≥65	431	26	278	5.1 (3.5–7.3)			1.0 (0.7–1.5)
Sex
Male	504	24	298	4.2 (2.8–6.1)		.67	0.6 (0.4–0.9)		.81
Female	502	38	356	4.7 (3.2–6.9)			0.6 (0.4–0.9)
Race/ethnicity
Non-Hispanic white	396	13	304	3.2 (2.0–5.1)		.006	0.4 (0.2–0.6)		<.001
Non-Hispanic black	306	28	241	9.3 (5.9–14.4)			2.3 (1.5–3.6)
Mexican American	197	16	85	7.3 (3.9–13.3)			1.4 (0.8–2.7)
Other	107	5	22	1.6 (0.6–3.8)d			0.3 (0.1–0.6)

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; NHANES, National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys.

^aNumber of participants with diabetes in NHANES 2005–2008.

^bNumber of participants with diabetes who had diabetic retinopathy or vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy in NHANES 2005–2008.

^cWeighted total number of US adult population who had diabetic retinopathy or vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy.

^dEstimate is considered unreliable because relative standard error is greater than 30%.