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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Sep 25.
Published in final edited form as: Clin Psychol (New York). 2010 Mar;17(1):1–30. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2850.2009.01187.x

Table 7.

Systems-contextual level: Training, organizational support, and client variables

References n EST Patient Therapist Training Active elements Outcome variables Design Results
Bein et al. (2000) 16 TLDP Adult psych. MD / PhD 1. 50 weekly 2- hour seminars and supervision (focus on principles)
2. Manual
3. One training case		 None 1. Client psych.
2. Therapist proficiency		 Convenience sample; nonrandomized; 1-year f / u; pretraining comparison; SM 1. No differences between pre- and post-training client psych. at post- and 1-year f / u
2. Only 28% reached minimal level of proficiency
Henggeler, Sheidow, et al. (2008) 30 MST Adol. subst. abuse Master’s-level clinician 1. Manual
2. Workshop
3. Randomized to workshop only or intensive quality assurance (supervision and quarterly booster training)		 Role-play with feedback and positive reinforcement 1. Youth- and caregiver- reported therapist A Baseline, postworkshop then randomized; comparison group; 4-month f / u; SM 1. Significant adherence reported by youth at post and difference between adherence to MST and CBT at f / u
2. Significant difference between MST and CBT techniques reported by caregiver at post but not f / u
3. No change in use of MST youth or monitoring by caregiver report
Schoener et al. (2006) 10 MI Adult subst. abuse and COD Frontline clinicians 1. 2-day workshop
2. Eight supervisions		 Supervised practice and feedback during workshop 1. Therapist S
2. Client change talk		 Convenience sample; nonrandomized; pre- to postdesign; no f / u; no comparison group; SM 1. Therapist improved MI-consistent skills*
2. Therapist decreased MI-inconsistent skills
3. Observed client change talk
Watkins et al. (2008) 5 CBT Adult subst. abuse Subst. abuse addictions counselors 1. 2-day workshop
2. Weekly supervision
3. 1-day booster training		 Not described 1. A
2. C
3. Client outcome		 Convenience sample; nonrandomized; no pre-; no f / u; comparison group for tx; SM 1. 91% A
2. 4.3 / 6 C
3. Client depression improved

Note. TLDP, time-limited dynamic psychotherapy; psych., psychopathology; f / u, follow-up; SM, standardized measures; MST, multisystemic therapy; MI, motivational interviewing; subst., substance; COD, co-occurring disorders; S, skill; CBT, cognitive-behavioral therapy; A, adherence; C, competence; tx, treatment.

*

Still below proficiency levels.