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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Anesthesiology. 2010 Oct;113(4):906–916. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0b013e3181eff6b7

Figure 7. Preconditioning delays mPTP opening in human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes.

Figure 7

(A) Mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening was induced by photoexcitation-generated oxidative stress and detected by rapid dissipation of tetramethylrhodamine ethyl ester (TMRE) fluorescence. (B) Representative signal traces from control (Ctrl), cyclosporine A (CsA)-treated cells, and anesthetic-induced preconditioning (APC). Arbitrary mPTP opening time was determined as the time when TMRE fluorescence intensity decreased by half between initial and residual fluorescence intensity. (C) mPTP blocker CsA and APC increased arbitrary mPTP opening time, which was blocked in presence of 5-hydroxydecanoate (APC + 5-HD). Preconditioning with 40 μM H2O2 (H2O2-PC) also delayed mPTP opening. * P < 0.05 versus Ctrl; # P < 0.05 versus APC + 5-HD.