Fig. 1.

Signaling pathways activated by engagement of cadherin and IgSF receptors. Factors touching each other (e.g., N-cadherin and β-catenin; Cdo and JLP) or that are connected by a solid arrow have been shown to bind directly to one another. Dashed arrows indicate that the interactions have not been shown to be direct or relate to complex processes (e.g., gene expression, myoblast fusion). Dashed arrows with a question mark represent signaling pathways observed in other cell types and that may occur in myoblasts but have not been tested. The double, anti-parallel dashed arrows between cell surface proteins indicate that these factors have been shown to interact (e.g., Cdo associates with neogenin and M-cadherin; neogenin associates with cadherins) but the how these interactions influence the signaling pathways shown is not clear. Activated MKK6 rescues the defective differentiation program caused by loss of Cdo or Bnip-2, but the role of endogenous MKK3/6 has not been established, so a question mark accompanies their position.