FIGURE 2.

TH2-3 modulates LPS-stimulated proinflammatory cytokine genes in RAW264.7 cells. Real-time PCR expression of TNF-α (A), COX-2 (B), IL-1α (C), IL-1β (D), IL-6 (E), and PTGES-2 (F) genes in TH2-3-, LPS-, pre-, co-, and post-treated conditions at 4 and 24 h after treatment is shown. Multiples of change (y axis) for each gene were normalized to GAPDH and are relative to the gene expression in unstimulated cells of each time point (normalized to 1) using the comparative Ct method. Values are the mean of three or four independent experiments (n = 3 or 4). Error bars, S.E. *, values differ at p < 0.05.