Table 4. Independent variables' adjusted odds ratio estimates: By gender and nation.

	SEXUAL INITIATION
	Boys (n=2,722)		Girls (n=2,902)
	AOR (95% CI)^a	Interaction p-value^b	AOR (95% CI)^a	Interaction p-value^b

Substance Use
United States	1.56 (1.33 – 1.82)^***	<.001	2.02 (1.74 – 2.35)^***	<.001
Scotland	2.30 (1.86 – 2.84)^***		3.65 (2.94 – 4.53)^***
Finland	3.74 (2.55 – 5.50)^***		3.17 (2.40 – 4.19)^***
France^c	2.51 (1.98 – 3.18)^***		2.37 (1.91 – 2.94)^***
Poland	2.89 (2.38 – 3.50)^***		2.63 (1.99 – 3.48)^***
School Attachment
United States	0.81 (0.71 – 0.93)^**	0.117	0.69 (0.61 – 0.79)^***	0.415
Scotland	0.80 (0.69 – 0.94)^**		0.74 (0.64 – 0.86)^***
Finland	0.63 (0.49 – 0.82)^***		0.77 (0.63 – 0.94)^**
France^c	0.66 (0.55 – 0.79)^***		0.70 (0.57 – 0.86)^**
Poland	0.84 (0.73 – 0.98)^*		0.94 (0.70 – 1.26)
Positive Parent Communication
United States	0.84 (0.50 – 1.43)	0.740	0.50 (0.34 – 0.75)^**	0.300
Scotland	1.05 (0.68 – 1.63)		0.74 (0.49 – 1.12)
Finland	1.15 (0.63 – 2.11)		1.03 (0.59 – 1.79)
France^c	0.74 (0.45 – 1.21)		0.77 (0.44 – 1.35)
Poland	0.81 (0.52 – 1.25)		0.82 (0.41 – 1.63)

p<0.05

^**

p<0.01

^***

p<0.001

AOR = Adjusted odds ratio from multivariable logistic models with robust standard errors

Joint test of significance for all interaction terms in model

France was represented by two regions only in the 1998 HBSC.