Table 2.

Current technologies in proteomics for identification of marker proteins

Proteomics Approach	Sample Prep	Technology	Detection	Number of Molecules	Multiplex	Number of Samples	Detection limit	Pro’s/Cons
ELISA	None to Minimal	Immunoassay	Absorbance	1	No	Unlimited	mid pg/ml to high mg/ml	High through put Only 96 wells
Multiplex	None to Minimal	Luminex-200	Fluorescence	upto 100 molecules/well	Yes	Unlimited	mid pg/ml to high mg/ml	High through put 96 wells
		FlexMAP 3D	Fluorescence	upto 500 molecules/well	Yes	Unlimited	mid pg/ml to high mg/ml	High through put, 96 and 384 well, Assay availability
		Flow cytometry	Fluorescence	upto 20 molecules/well	Yes	Unlimited	mid pg/ml to high mg/ml	High through put 96 wells
		Antibody arrays	Fluroescence	1-200 spots/slide	Yes	2	low pg/ml to ng/ml	Integrated view of a single pathway
2D	Low Salt buffers Protein labelling	IEF SDS-PAGE	Fluroescence MS	abundant proteins	Duplex	Limited	1000-1200 spots	Protein map Time and labor intensive Interference by abundance proteins
2D-HPLC MS	Extensive prep: Digestion of proteins Removal of High Abundance proteins	HPLC MS	MS	Unlimited	Available	Limited	Low abundant	deeper scan of the proteome Sohpisticated Instrumentation Steep learning curve
3D	Protein labeling 1st Separation by IEF 2nd Separation by RPHPLC 3rd Separation by SDS-PAGE	IEF HPLC SDS-PAGE Fluorescence MS	Fluroescence MS	3000-5000	Single Plex Duplex	Limited	Low abundant	Deep scan Extremely time and labor intensitve