Table 2.
Baseline mean nutrient intakes among preschool children in the Healthy Children Strong Families Study compared to dietary reference intakes
| Children 2-3 years (n = 66) | Children 4-5 years (n = 69) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nutrient | Mean ± SE a | DRI (EAR/AI) b |
n (%) < DRI (EAR/AI) |
Mean ± SE a | DRI (EAR/AI) b |
n (%) < DRI (EAR/AI) |
| Total fat (% kcal/day) | 33.1 ± 0.7 | 30-40 c | 33.9 ± 0.6 | 25-35 c | ||
| Saturated fat (% kcal/day) | 12.8 ± 0.3 | 12.6 ± 0.3 | ||||
| Carbohydrates (% kcal/day) | 54.0 ± 0.9 | 45-65 c | 53.0 ± 0.7 | 45-65 c | ||
| Protein (% kcal/day) | 14.2 ± 0.3 | 5-20 c | 14.3 ± 0.3 | 10-30 c | ||
| Fiber (g/day) | 9.4 ± 0.4 | 19 (AI) | 10.0 ± 0.5 | 25 (AI) | ||
| Calcium (mg/day) | 827.5 ± 37.7 | 500 (AI) | 11 (16.7) | 806.0 ± 35.9 | 800 (AI) | 34 (49.3) |
| Vitamin A (mcg/day) | 568.7 ± 37.9 | 210 | 3 (4.5) | 543.1 ± 24.9 | 275 | 8 (11.6) |
| Vitamin E (mg/day) | 5.3 ± 0.4 d * | 5 | 42 (63.6) | 6.0 ± 0.5 d * | 6 | 44 (63.8) |
| Vitamin D (mcg/day) | 5.8 ± 0.4 | 5 (AI) | 28 (42.4) | 5.4 ± 0.3 | 5 (AI) | 34 (49.3) |
| Vitamin C (mg/day) | 84.0 ± 7.6 | 13 | 3 (4.5) | 70.4 ± 5.7 | 22 | 7 (10.1) |
| Iron (mg/day) | 11.3 ± 0.7 | 3.0 | 1 (1.5) | 11.9 ± 0.5 | 4.1 | 0 |
| Folate (mcg/day) | 304.7 ± 20.7 | 120 | 3 (4.5) | 315.4 ± 14.8 | 160 | 4 (5.8) |
| Vitamin B-12 (mcg/day) | 4.4 ± 0.2 | 0.7 | 1 (1.5) | 4.4 ± 0.2 | 1.0 | 0 |
| Zinc (mg/day) | 8.2 ± 0.4 | 2.5 | 0 | 8.6 ± 0.4 | 4.0 | 3 (4.3) |
a
SE = Standard error.
b
DRI = dietary reference intakes for children aged 1-3 years and 4-8 years, include two sets of values that serve as goals for nutrient intake: estimated average requirement (EAR) and adequate intake (AI). Blank spaces indicate that no dietary reference value is established.
c
Acceptable macronutrient distribution range.
d
Indicates statistically significant difference in means between children aged 2-3 and 4-5 years.
*
P < 0.05.