Table 1.
Neotropical migratory bird species collected in Coachella Valley (COAV) and Kern County (KERN) during spring (April–June) and tested for antibody against arboviruses*
| Species | Site | Total | EIA results | PRNT results | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| WEEV + | FLAV + | WEEV + | SLEV + | WNV + | FLAV + | |||
| Lesser Nighthawk | COAV | 33 | 1 | 0 | 0 | • | • | • |
| Chordeiles acutipennis | KERN | 0 | 0 | 0 | • | • | • | • |
| Western Wood-Pewee | COAV | 57 | 0 | 0 | • | • | • | • |
| Contopus virens | KERN | 3 | 0 | 0 | • | • | • | • |
| Ash-throated Flycatcher | COAV | 29 | 0 | 0 | • | • | • | • |
| Myiarchus cinerascens | KERN | 37 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
| Western Kingbird | COAV | 25 | 0 | 0 | • | • | • | • |
| Tyrannus verticalis | KERN | 242 | 0 | 2 | • | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Warbling Vireo | COAV | 276 | 1 | 0 | 0 | • | • | • |
| Vireo gilvus | KERN | 16 | 0 | 0 | • | • | • | • |
| Tree Swallow | COAV | 0 | 0 | 0 | • | • | • | • |
| Tachycineta bicolor | KERN | 106 | 0 | 0 | • | • | • | • |
| Cliff Swallow | COAV | 0 | 0 | 0 | • | • | • | • |
| Petrochelidon fulva | KERN | 229 | 0 | 0 | • | • | • | • |
| Swainson's Thrush | COAV | 97 | 0 | 0 | • | • | • | • |
| Catharus ustulatus | KERN | 8 | 0 | 0 | • | • | • | • |
| Hermit Thrush | COAV | 13 | 0 | 0 | • | • | • | • |
| Catharus guttatus | KERN | 295 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | • | • |
| Orange-crowned Warbler | COAV | 178 | 0 | 0 | • | • | • | • |
| Vermivora celata | KERN | 103 | 0 | 0 | • | • | • | • |
| Nashville Warbler | COAV | 47 | 1 | 0 | 0 | • | • | • |
| Vermivora ruficapilla | KERN | 14 | 0 | 0 | • | • | • | • |
| Yellow Warbler | COAV | 663 | 0 | 1 | • | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Dendroica petechia | KERN | 60 | 0 | 0 | • | • | • | • |
| Townsend's Warbler | COAV | 18 | 0 | 0 | • | • | • | • |
| Dendroica townsendii | KERN | 3 | 0 | 0 | • | • | • | • |
| MacGillivray's Warbler | COAV | 139 | 0 | 2 | • | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Oporomis tolmiei | KERN | 14 | 0 | 0 | • | • | • | • |
| Common Yellowthroat | COAV | 262 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Geothlypis trichas | KERN | 43 | 0 | 0 | • | • | • | • |
| Wilson's Warbler | COAV | 1,207 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Wilsonia pusilla | KERN | 118 | 0 | 0 | • | • | • | • |
| Yellow-breasted Chat | COAV | 33 | 0 | 0 | • | • | • | • |
| Icteria virens | KERN | 1 | 0 | 0 | • | • | • | • |
| Summer Tanager | COAV | 3 | 0 | 1 | • | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Piranga rubra | KERN | 0 | 0 | 0 | • | • | • | • |
| Western Tanager | COAV | 74 | 1 | 0 | 0 | • | • | • |
| Piranga ludoviciana | KERN | 53 | 0 | 0 | • | • | • | • |
| Black-headed Grosbeak | COAV | 39 | 1 | 0 | 1 | • | • | • |
| Pheucicus melanocephalus | KERN | 89 | 1 | 1 | 1 | • | 0 | • |
| Blue Grosbeak | COAV | 10 | 0 | 0 | • | • | • | • |
| Guiraca caerulea | KERN | 50 | 0 | 0 | • | • | • | • |
| Lazuli Bunting | COAV | 43 | 0 | 0 | • | • | • | • |
| Passerina amoena | KERN | 29 | 0 | 0 | • | • | • | • |
| Yellow-headed Blackbird | COAV | 83 | 0 | 0 | • | • | • | • |
| Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus | KERN | 8 | 0 | 0 | • | • | • | • |
| Bullock's Oriole | COAV | 44 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | • | • |
| Icterus bullockii | KERN | 604 | 2 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| 19 other species | COAV | 69 | 0 | 0 | • | • | • | • |
| KERN | 33 | 0 | 0 | • | • | • | • | |
| Total migrants | COAV | 3,442 | 8 | 8 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 0 |
| KERN | 2,158 | 5 | 13 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 | |
| Total Wild Birds [1996–2007] | COAV | 26,708 | 201 | 663 | 91 | 119 | 248 | 88 |
| [1997–2008] | KERN | 29,466 | 386 | 1,737 | 140 | 1 | 1,407 | 196 |
*
EIA = enzyme immunoassay; PRNT = plaque reduction neutralization test; WEEV = western equine encephalomyelitis; FLAV = flavivirus; WEEV = western equine encephalomyelitis; SLEV = St. Louis encephalomyelitis; WNV = West Nile virus. Not tested by PRNT.