Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2010 Oct;136(4):443–454. doi: 10.1085/jgp.201010477

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© 2010 Okawa et al.

This article is distributed under the terms of an Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike–No Mirror Sites license for the first six months after the publication date (see http://www.rupress.org/terms). After six months it is available under a Creative Commons License (Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike 3.0 Unported license, as described at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/).

PMC Copyright notice

Figure 4. — Reduced Gα_o expression in Gα_o^+/− mice does not alter rod bipolar responses (A) Responses to a family of flashes producing 0.59, 1.2, 2.4, 4.7, 9.4, and 19 Rh*/rod were recorded in a WT (Gα_o^+/+ littermate), and a Gα_o^+/− rod bipolar cell. (B) Normalized rod bipolar response to dim flashes producing 1 Rh*/rod was estimated by averaging normalized responses to dim flashes casing 5–25% of maximal responses and dividing it by the average dim flash strength, which was 0.73 Rh*/rod for WT and 0.79 Rh*/rod for Gα_o^+/−. The WT response is the average of 437 dim flash responses across 14 cells from 3 mice, and the Gα_o^+/− response is the average of 271 dim flash responses across 15 cells from 3 mice. (C) The total amount of Gα_o and Gα_o2 proteins in WT and Gα_o^+/− retinas were compared using Western blot analysis. The amount of Gα_o2 proteins in Gα_o2^−/− retinas was also examined to check the specificity of the antibody. The protein level of Gα_o^+/− retina was normalized to that of WT retina for a pair of WT and Gα_o^+/− mice used in one experiment, and the collected results are shown in the bar graph. The error bars are the SEM. The Gα_o protein levels were 1 vs. 0.52 ± 0.02 (n = 4) and the Gα_o2 protein levels were 1 vs. 0.46 ± 0.04 (n = 3) (mean ± SEM, WT vs. Gα_o^+/−). (D) Normalized response amplitudes from individual families were averaged across cells for WT rod bipolar cells (n = 14) and Gα_o^+/− rod bipolar cells (n = 15) and plotted as a function of flash strength. Half-maximal flash strengths estimated from the Hill curve fits were 2.5 ± 0.13 vs. 2.5 ± 0.17 Rh*/rod, and the Hill exponents were 1.54 ± 0.04 vs. 1.62 ± 0.06 (mean ± SEM, WT vs. Gα_o^+/−).