Table 1. Historically introduced NW African types in Italy and Iberia.

	Sample	n	E1b1b1b	E1b1b1a-βa	J1	Total %
1	Val Badia	34	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
2	Veneto	55	1.8	0.0	0.0	1.8
3	Central Emilia	62	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
4	Central-Tuscany	41	0.0	0.0	2.4	2.4
5	Tuscany-Latium border	79	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
6	North-East Latium	55	1.8	0.0	0.0	1.8
7	Marche	221	0.0	0.5	0.9	1.4
8	South Latium	51	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
9	East Campania	84	2.4	1.2	1.2	4.8
10	North-West Apulia	46	4.3	0.0	2.2	6.5
11	Lucera	60	1.7	1.7	0.0	3.3
12	West Calabria	56	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
13	South Apulia	71	0.0	0.0	1.4	1.4
	Peninsular Italy	915	0.8	0.3	0.7	1.7
14	Sicily	93	2.2	2.2	3.2	7.5
15	Portugalb	659	5.0	0.3	1.8	7.1
16	Galiciac	292	4.1	0.7	2.1	6.8
17	Cantabriac	161	13.0	3.1	2.5	18.6
18	Basquesd	168	0.6	0.0	0.6	1.2
19	Basquese	43	2.3	0.0	0.0	2.3
20	Catalanse	16	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
21	Andalusianse	37	5.4	0.0	0.0	5.4
	Total Spain	717	5.2	1.0	1.5	7.7
	Total Iberia	1376	5.1	0.7	1.7	7.4

Frequencies of E1b1b1b, E1b1b1a-β and J1 chromosomes with 0-1-steps neighbour chromosome within the NW African dataset; the first column refers to the geographic location in Figure 1.

^aE1b1b1a-β chromosomes were identified as M78 derived bearing the DYS439 allele 10⁹.

^bOverlapping with Beleza et al.⁷

^cSamples from Brion et al;⁶ a subset of the J and E samples have been further tested with M81, M78 and DYS439 and used to estimate frequencies. J1 samples have been identified as J samples with the 0.2 DYS458 allelic variant.²²

^dCombined data from Alonso et al;²² Garcia et al.²¹

^eDYS439 and DYS385 were genotyped in the relevant samples from Bosch et al,⁵ except for one Basque sample, not included.