Table 1.
Weighted Descriptive Statistics (N=4,667).
Variables | M | SD | Range |
---|---|---|---|
Union Formation by Age 20 | |||
Married | 5.4% | 0.23 | 0 – 1 |
Cohabited | 16.9% | 0.37 | 0 – 1 |
No union formation | 77.7% | 0.4 | 0 – 1 |
Family Structure History Measures | |||
Number of transitions experienced-continuous | 0.7 | 1.2 | 0 – 6 |
Number of transitions experienced-categorical | |||
0 transitions: always lived with 2 married or cohabiting | 64.6% | 0.5 | 0 – 1 |
0 transitions: always lived with single mother | 3.2% | 0.2 | 0 – 1 |
1 transition | 12.6% | 0.3 | 0 – 1 |
2+ transitions | 19.9% | 0.4 | 0 – 1 |
Type of transitions experienced | |||
Ever experienced maternal marriage | 17.1% | 0.4 | 0 – 1 |
Ever experienced maternal divorce | 24.0% | 0.4 | 0 – 1 |
Ever experienced maternal cohabitation formation | 9.2% | 0.3 | 0 – 1 |
Ever experienced maternal cohabitation dissolution | 7.0% | 0.3 | 0 – 1 |
Type of family structure status experienced | |||
Ever lived in a single mother family | 35.5% | 0.5 | 0 – 1 |
Ever lived in a cohabiting family | 10.6% | 0.3 | 0 – 1 |
Ever lived in a stepfamily | 16.4% | 0.4 | 0 – 1 |
Age at last family structure transition | |||
No transition | 68.5% | 0.5 | 0 – 1 |
0 – 5 years (ref) | 6.6% | 0.3 | 0 – 1 |
6 – 12 years | 10.8% | 0.3 | 0 – 1 |
13+ years | 14.0% | 0.3 | 0 – 1 |
Number of years lived outside married 2-bio parent family | 4.7 | 7.0 | 0 – 19 |
Cumulative time spent in various family types | |||
Number of years ever in a married, 2-bio parent family | 12.1 | 6.9 | 0 – 20 |
Number of years ever in a single-mother family | 2.8 | 5.1 | 0 – 20 |
Number of years ever in a cohabiting family | 0.6 | 2.4 | 0 – 19 |
Number of years ever in a stepfamily | 1.4 | 3.8 | 0 – 19 |
Control Variables | |||
Male | 49.1% | 0.5 | 0 – 1 |
Age at Wave 2 | 16.7 | 1.0 | 14 – 20 |
Race/Ethnicity: | |||
Non-Hispanic White (ref) | 69.2% | 0.5 | 0 – 1 |
Non-Hispanic Black | 13.2% | 0.3 | 0 – 1 |
Hispanic | 11.9% | 0.3 | 0 – 1 |
Non-Hispanic other | 5.7% | 0.2 | 0 – 1 |
Family income | $50,147 | $49,803 | $0–999,000 |
Mother received welfare at Wave 2 | 11.9% | 0.3 | 0 – 1 |
Parents' education | |||
Less than high school | 9.8% | 0.3 | 0 – 1 |
High school or equivalent (ref) | 28.6% | 0.5 | 0 – 1 |
Some college | 22.4% | 0.4 | 0 – 1 |
Bachelor's degree or higher | 39.2% | 0.5 | 0 – 1 |
Age at first sex | |||
Never had sex | 53.2% | 0.5 | 0 – 1 |
< = 14 | 10.1% | 0.3 | 0 – 1 |
15 – 16 | 21.1% | 0.4 | 0 – 1 |
> = 17 | 15.6% | 0.4 | 0 – 1 |
Verbal ability | 103.3 | 14.2 | 14 – 137 |
Parent-Child closeness | 3.1 | 0.7 | 0 – 4 |
Religiosity | 6.3 | 4.0 | 0 – 12 |
Substance use | 1.7 | 1.4 | 0 – 5 |