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Proposed DNA-mediated charge transfer mechanisms; (a) Superexchange, the overlapping molecular orbitals (MOs) on the well stacked DNA bases provide a path for fast hole transfer, (b) Hopping, the MOs are localized on the DNA bases and the hole hops from one base to another, shown by arrows and (c) polaron formation occurs as solvent polarizes around DNA holes. This limits hole delocalization and transfer rates.
