Fig. 3A–F.

The results of flow cytometry analysis of chondrocyte cell cultures treated with (A) control phosphate-buffered saline, (B) lidocaine, (C) betamethasone, (D) prednisolone, (E) betamethasone-lidocaine combination, and (F) prednisolone-lidocaine combination are shown. The time course changes of apoptotic and necrotic cells up to 24 hours of exposure with respect to the three detection points of 2, 6, and 24 hours are indicated in the X axis. The ratio of the apoptotic or necrotic cells is shown in the Y axis in percent. The bars represent the mean of three independent experiments with standard error as error bars. Results from the various experimental groups were compared with those of the PBS control group. Exact probability values also are shown as p values.