Table 1.
Statistically significant QTLs of relevance to pain and analgesia in laboratory mice
| Phenotype | Chromosome | LODa | Locationb | Candidate gene(s) | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Acute/tonic pain | |||||
| Capsaicin | 2 | 5.9 | 30 | (55) | |
| 7 | 4.8 | 10 | (55) | ||
| 7 | 5.8 | 50 | (55) | ||
| 8 | 4.4 | 30 | (55) | ||
| Formalin | 9 | 5.2 | 60 | Atp1b3 (51 cM) | (56) |
| 10 | 4.3 | 70 | Avpr1a (68 cM) | (56) | |
| Hot-plate | 4 | 3.8 (♂ only) | 71 | Oprd1 (65 cM) | (57) |
| Paw withdrawal | 7 | 6.3 | 50 | Calca (54 cM) | (4) |
| Tail-withdrawal | 4 | 3.6 (♂ only) | 56 | Oprd1 (65 cM) | (6) |
| 7 | 12.6 | 33 | Trpv1 (44 cM) | (6) | |
| 11 | 7.8 | 46 | |||
|
Analgesia | |||||
| Clonidine | 1 | 4.7 | 100 | Kcnj9 (94 cM) | (6) |
| Morphine | 1 | 4.7 (♀ only) | 10 | Oprk1 (6 cM) | (58) |
| 1 | 3.2 | 91 | Htr1b (46 cM) | (6) | |
| 9 | 5.2 (♀ only) | 20 | Oprm1 (8 cM) | (58) | |
| 9 | 4.5 | 42 | (59) | ||
| 10 | 7.5 | 9 | (60) | ||
| Stress-induced | 8 | 6.1 (♀ only) | 56 | Mc1r (68 cm) | (57) |
| U50,488 | 8 | 2.7 (♀ only) | 67 | Mc1r (68 cM) | (5) |
| WIN55,212-2 | 1 | 4.4 | 100 | Kcnj9 (94 cM) | (6) |
| 7 | 4.8 | 40 | Trpv1 (44 cM) | (6) | |
|
Opioid hyperalgesia | |||||
| Chronic morphine | 5 | p = 0.000083 * | 1 | Abcb1b (1 cM) | (61) |
| 18 | p = 0.00037 * | 34 | Adrb2 (34 cM) | (62) | |
a
LOD logarithm of the odds score
b
Location of peak LOD score in centiMorgans (cM), a unit of genetic distance. Note that confidence intervals in QTL mapping projects are generally very large