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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Nov 10.
Published in final edited form as: Virology. 2010 Aug 24;407(1):68–79. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2010.07.047

Figure 5. The impact of the V3 and V4 region on the coreceptor usage.

Figure 5

A. Schematic representation of the V3 or V4 domain-swapped chimeras. V3 or V4 region from R5 clone 48m-30 was introduced into the env backbone of R5X4 clone 48m-18 to generate the domain-swapped chimeras 30-V3-18 or 30-V4-18. The coreceptor utilization of each virus is indicated. B. Coreceptor usage of the 48-month parental variants (48m-30 and 48m-18) and env chimeras (30-V3-18 and 30-V4-18) was determined by entry inhibition into TZM-bl cells with 1 μM CXCR4 inhibitor (AMD 3100) or CCR5 inhibitor (TAK- 779). Viruses SF128A, NL4-3 and 89.6 served as controls for CCR5, CXCR4 or CCR5/CXCR4 usage virus, respectively. C. The infectivity mediated by the 48-month parental variants and the V3 or V4 domain-swapped chimeras was measured in U373- MAGI target cells expressing CD4 and either CCR5 or CXCR4. Infection with virus SF128A, NL4-3 or 89.6 served as controls for CCR5, CXCR4 or CCR5/CXCR4 usage virus, respectively. The results are representative of three independent experiments, and the error bars represent standard deviations.