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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Sep 30.
Published in final edited form as: Lancet Neurol. 2010 Aug;9(8):793–806. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(10)70159-9

Figure 3. Flow chart for assessment and investigation of young-onset dementia.

Figure 3

This algorithm provides an overview of the diagnostic approach to patients with young-onset dementia. Given the many causes, this can only act as a general guide.*In amnestic young-onset dementia, first-line genetic testing is for APP, PSEN1, PSEN2, and prion. In behavioural cases, first-line testing is for MAPT (particularly if symmetrical atrophy on MRI) and GRN (particularly if asymmetric pattern of atrophy). EEG=electroencephalogram. FDG=fluorodeoxyglucose. SPECT=single photon emission computed tomography. Aβ=amyloid β. VGKC=voltage-gated potassium channel. FTLD=frontotemporal lobar degeneration. CADASIL=cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy. CJD=Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.