Table 1. The baseline characteristics in 2001 along with their correlations with the 2007 level and progression of intima-media thickness (IMT).
| Conventional Risk Factor* | Mean (SD) | IMT 2001 | IMT 2007 | IMT Progression | |||
| r † | p ‡ | r † | p ‡ | r † | p ‡ | ||
| Sex (% women) | 55.3 | 0.132 | <0.001 | 0.195 | <0.001 | 0.086 | NS |
| Age in 2001 (years) | 31.7 (4.92) | 0.290 | <0.001 | 0.301 | <0.001 | 0.041 | NS |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.2 (4.38) | 0.152 | <0.001 | 0.188 | <0.001 | 0.094 | NS |
| Waist circumference (mm) | 84.0 (12.0) | 0.189 | <0.001 | 0.260 | <0.001 | 0.133 | 0.006 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 117 (13.2) | 0.180 | <0.001 | 0.158 | <0.001 | 0.044 | NS |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 70.6 (10.5) | 0.220 | <0.001 | 0.160 | <0.001 | −0.020 | NS |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5.17 (0.99) | 0.113 | 0.011 | 0.155 | <0.001 | 0.082 | NS |
| LDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 3.28 (0.86) | 0.126 | 0.002 | 0.166 | <0.001 | 0.087 | NS |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.29 (0.32) | −0.037 | NS | −0.107 | NS | −0.089 | NS |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.35 (0.86) | 0.047 | NS | 0.131 | 0.007 | 0.099 | NS |
| ApoA1 (g/L) | 1.49 (0.26) | −0.052 | NS | −0.085 | NS | −0.039 | NS |
| ApoB (g/L) | 1.06 (0.27) | 0.110 | 0.016 | 0.195 | <0.001 | 0.138 | 0.003 |
| Smoking (% subjects) | 22.8 | 0.049 | NS | 0.007 | NS | −0.011 | NS |
*The characteristics in 2001 were used as potential confounding risk factors in predictive models.
†Pearson correlation coefficient (r-value) was calculated using the risk factors collected in 2001.
‡Statistical significance (Bonferroni corrected p-value) is from the t-distribution with n-2 df (n = 1,027 in 2001 and n = 813 in 2007); NS, non-significant.