Table 1.
Frequency of promoter methylation of tumor suppressor genes in tumorous, non-tumorous, and control liver DNA and association with time to recurrence.
| Gene | Tumorous Samples (n = 43) | Non-tumorous Samples (n = 45) | No. CTL samples methylated (%) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. T samples methylated (%) | Hazard Ratio | 95% CI | p-value | No. NT samples methylated (%) | Hazard Ratio | 95% CI | p-value | |||
| p16** | 34/43 (79%) | 0.88 | 0.59 – 1.40 | 0.57 | 7/45 (16%) | 0.85 | 0.50 – 1.32 | 0.50 | 0/10 (0%) | |
| SOCS-1 | 39/43 (91%) | 1.05 | 0.63 – 2.16 | 0.86 | 41/45 (91%) | 0.60 | 0.35 – 1.25 | 0.15 | 0/10 (0%) | |
| RASSF1A* | 43/43 (100%) | n/a (all methylated) | 31/45 (69%) | 0.96 | 0.68 – 1.39 | 0.82 | 0/10 (0%) | |||
| APC** | 40/43 (93%) | 0.91 | 0.49 – 2.26 | 0.79 | 9/45 (20%) | 1.41 | 0.88 – 2.14 | 0.15 | 1/10 (10%) | |
| GSTP1** | 23/43 (53%) | 0.80 | 0.56 – 1.13 | 0.20 | 2/45 (4%) | 0.74 | 0.18 – 1.61 | 0.52 | 0/10 (0%) | |
| RIZ1** | 33/42 (79%) | 0.92 | 0.62 – 1.46 | 0.71 | 4/45 (9%) | 2.29 | 1.22 – 3.83 | 0.01 | 0/10 (0%) | |
| MGMT* | 0/43 (0%) | n/a (all unmethylated) | 7/45 (16%) | 1.17 | 0.44 – 2.67 | 0.73 | 0/10 (0%) | |||
T, tumorous; NT, non-tumorous; CTL, control;
*
p<0.05,
**
p<0.001 for McNemar’s chi-Square test between paired tumorous and non-tumorous tissues. Associations with recurrence-free survival were tested using univariate Cox proportional hazard models; p-values are from Log-Rank Tests.