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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Pineal Res. 2010 Jan;48(1):9–19. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-079X.2009.00729.x

Table 1.

Localization and functions of sirtuins*

Member Activity Localization Size (kDa) Function
Sirt1 DAC Nucleus 62 Chromatin modulation, gene expression, senescence, apoptosis, insulin secretion, neuronal differentiation, adipogenesis, development, glucose metabolism
Sirt2 DAC and ART Cytoplasmic 41.5 Cell cycle progression, adipocyte differentiation
Sirt3 DAC and ART Mitochondria 43.6 Cellular metabolism, apoptosis
Sirt4 ART Mitochondria 35.2 Regulation of insulin secretion, mitochondrial NAD(+) salvage
Sirt5 DAC Mitochondria 33.9 Regulation of urea cycle
Sirt6 ART Nucleus 39.1 Telomere maintenance, DNA repair
Sirt7 None Nucleolus 44.8 rDNA transcription
*

There are seven reported sirtuin enzymes in mammals that act as either a mono-ADP-ribosyl transferase (ART), a NAD+-dependent deacetylase (DAC), or both. Although each sirtuin enzyme has an NAD+-dependent catalytic core domain, the N-and/or C-terminal sequences are of variable lengths giving rise to specific sizes. Each sirtuin has a specific localization and function.