Table 4.

Discrimination of vowel length in ERP experiment: NE family vs. controls

Time windows	MMN	LDN
(a) Affected members
Children
	250–350 ms	500–700 ms
Controls (5–6 y)	[−4.125, −0.607]	[−3.388, 0.250]
III-6	0.095*	−0.932
Controls (5–6 y)	[−4.125, −0.607]	[−3.388, 0.250]
III-5	−0.564*	−1.166
Controls (5–6 y)	[−4.125, −0.607]	[−3.388, 0.250]
III-1	−5.059°	−2.708
Teenagers/Adults
	175–275 ms	500–700 ms
Controls (14–15 y)	[−5.163, −1.408]	[−3.019, 0.126]
III-4	−3.550	−3.108+
Controls (14–15 y)	[−5.163, −1.408]	[−3.019, 0.126]
III-3	−0.122*	−0.866
Controls: Male (36–38 y)	[−3.560, −1.597]	[−1.544, −0.748]
II-3	−2.112	−1.547+
Controls: Male (36–38 y)	[−3.560, −1.597]	[−1.544, −0.748]
II-2	−3.701°	−2.023+
(b)Unaffected members
	175–275 ms	500–700 ms
Controls (18 y)	[−4.827, −1.147]	[−1.022, 0.294]
III-2	−2.681	−0.407
Controls: Female (35–41 y)	[−4.283, −0.476]	[−2.319, 0.172]
II-4	−0.889	0.233
Controls: Female (35–41 y)	[−4.283, −0.476]	[−2.319, 0.172]
II-1	−3.310	−2.196

The peak height range (min–max) in µV was calculated for the anterior electrodes using the following procedure: first, the difference was calculated by subtracting the standard condition from the deviant condition. Second, mean amplitudes were calculated for these time windows that showed significant effect in the anova analyses. Third, the final range was determined by adding or subtracting the product of the standard deviation and the level of the significance (5% or 1.96). Controls were matched for age and/or sex and the final range shown in square brackets before the result for the NE family member. Note that grandparents (I-1, I-2, I-3 and I-4) were not tested. Bold values indicate values of family members that do not fall into the respective range calculated for the control group:

^*indicates absence of MMN

^°indicates enhanced MMN, +indicates enhanced LDN.