Table 1.

Univariate Logistic Regression Analysis for the Prediction of Fall Status (yes or no) Over the 2-Years of Follow-up for Each Cognitive Measure

Cognitive Measure	Worse Quartile (M ± SD)	Better Quartile* (M ± SD)	OR (95% confidence interval)	p Value (association with falls)
EF index	86.1 ± 5.6	111.8 ± 4.9	3.02 (1.35–6.78)	.007
Memory index	83.9 ± 7.2	112.7 ± 2.7	1.05 (0.47–2.35)	.901
Visual spatial index	77.5 ± 4.6	120.4 ± 9.2	1.86 (0.94–3.65)	.072
Problem solving index	79.4 ± 9.3	118.4 ± 4.1	0.89 (0.39–3.65)	.796
Global cognitive index	88.1 ± 5.2	109.7 ± 2.8	1.64 (0.74–3.65)	.225
Mini-Mental State Examination	26.6 ± 0.71	30 ± 0.0	1.61 (0.67–3.86)	.285
Verbal fluency	19.4 ± 4.8	49.4 ± 5.3	1.19 (0.53–2.67)	.679
Backward digit span	3.5 ± 0.71	9.4 ± 1.3	1.08 (0.51–2.29)	.835
TMT-A	123.9 ± 27.9	46.1 ± 7.6	1.13 (0.52–2.29)	.761
TMT-B	247.9 ± 49.8	90.4 ± 10.9	2.01 (0.90–4.47)	.088
TMT-B normalized	2.01 ± 0.64	0.27 ± 0.21	1.46 (0.66–3.24)	.355
Reaction time (ms)	1,440.8 ± 450.3	584.7 ± 53.4	1.00 (0.44–2.29)	1.000

Note: Significant associations are bolded. *The OR and p value show the association between each cognitive measure (the two extreme quartiles of each measure) and falls. Recall that the index scores are computed on an IQ-like scale. Thus, the mean of 86 on the EF index among those in the worse EF quartile is about 1 SD below the age- and education-adjusted expected population norm of 100. EF = executive function; OR = odds ratio; TMT = Trail Making Tests.