Table 3.
Odds ratios (and 95% CIs) for exposures, adjusted† for covariates and stratified by surgical procedure.
| HIP PROCEDURES | KNEE PROCEDURES | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exposure | VTE yes | VTE no | OR† | CIs | VTE yes | VTE no | OR | CIs |
| No Comorbidity | 410 | 57403 | 1.00 | (ref) | 1458 | 131682 | 1.00 | (ref) |
| CVD vs. | 3 | 567 | 0.71 | (0.23-2.23) | 21 | 1335 | 1.42 | (0.92-2.20) |
| CAD vs. | 68 | 9064 | 0.98 | (0.76-1.28) | 257 | 19760 | 1.19 | (1.04-1.37) |
| CHF vs. | 25 | 1072 | 3.08 | (2.05-4.65) | 73 | 2673 | 2.47 | (1.95-3.14) |
| Diabetes vs. | 47 | 7735 | 0.85 | (0.63-1.15) | 282 | 26458 | 0.96 | (0.85-1.10) |
| COPD vs. | 60 | 7929 | 1.06 | (0.81-1.39) | 273 | 16563 | 1.49 | (1.31-1.70) |
| CAD and CHF vs. | 12 | 719 | 2.11 | (1.18-3.78) | 33 | 1645 | 1.86 | (1.30-2.60) |
| CAD & COPD vs. | 16 | 1715 | 1.25 | (0.75-2.06) | 52 | 3314 | 1.44 | (1.09-1.90) |
| Diabetes & CAD vs. | 18 | 2302 | 1.05 | (0.65-1.69) | 47 | 7108 | 0.61 | (0.45-0.81) |
| Diabetes & COPD vs. | 9 | 1172 | 1.09 | (0.56-2.11) | 36 | 3652 | 0.89 | (0.64-1.24) |
| All other combinations | 34 | 2691 | 1.69 | (1.19-2.40) | 111 | 6767 | 1.49 | (1.23-181) |
| Age 65-69 | 163 | 23242 | 1.00 | (ref) | 734 | 62629 | 1.00 | (ref) |
| Age 70-74 vs. Age 65-69 | 167 | 24721 | 0.96 | (0.77-1.19) | 751 | 62857 | 1.01 | (0.91-1.12) |
| Age 75-79 vs. Age 65-69 | 172 | 23144 | 1.05 | (0.84-1.30) | 649 | 53929 | 1.00 | (0.90-1.12) |
| Age ≥80 vs. Age 65-69 | 200 | 21262 | 1.30 | (1.05-1.60) | 509 | 41542 | 0.99 | (0-89-1.11) |
| Females | 411 | 58081 | 1.00 | (ref) | 1746 | 143315 | 1.00 | (ref) |
| Males | 291 | 34287 | 1.21 | (1.04-1.41) | 897 | 77642 | 0.94 | (0.87-1.02) |
| Total observations | 702 | 92369 | 2643 | 220957 | ||||
†Associations adjusted in multivariate logistic regression for each comorbidity exposure as compared with the group with none of the listed comorbidities or co-occurring comorbidities. All association were adjusted for age group and sex. We also assessed race, insurance status, hospital surgical volume, obesity, bi-laterality (two primary procedures during the same surgery) and hypercoagulable state but deleted them from the final model for lack of confounding. Abbreviations: CAD = coronary artery disease, CHF = congestive heart failure, COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, CVD = cerebrovascular disease.