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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Oct 5.
Published in final edited form as: Ann Intern Med. 2010 Aug 3;153(3):147–157. doi: 10.1059/0003-4819-153-3-201008030-00005

Table 1.

Baseline Participant Characteristics*

Characteristic Low-Fat Diet Group (n = 154) Low-Carbohydrate Diet Group (n = 153)
Sex, n (%)
 Male 49 (32) 50 (33)
 Female 105 (68) 103 (67)
Race (non-Hispanic or Latino), n (%)
 White 111 (72) 106 (69)
 Black 33 (21) 35 (23)
 Asian 2 (1) 0 (0)
 American Indian or Alaska Native 1 (<1) 0 (0)
 >1 race 1 (<1) 1 (<1)
Race (Hispanic or Latino), n (%)
 American Indian or Alaska Native 0 (0) 3 (2)
 Black 0 (0) 1 (<1)
 White 6 (4) 7 (5)
Mean age (SD), y 44.9 (10.2) 46.2 (9.2)
Mean body mass index (SD), kg/m2 36.1 (3.46) 36.1 (3.59)
Mean weight (SD), kg 103.5 (14.4) 103.3 (15.5)
Mean systolic blood pressure (SD), mm Hg 124.6 (15.8) 124.3 (14.1)
Mean diastolic blood pressure (SD), mm Hg 76 (9.7) 73.9 (9.4)
Mean triglyceride level (SD)
mmol/L 1.40 (0.83) 1.28 (0.62)
mg/dL 124 (73.5) 113.3 (54.6)
Mean total cholesterol level (SD)
mmol/L 4.98 (0.85) 4.88 (0.78)
mg/dL 192.4 (32.9) 188.6 (30.2)
Mean LDL cholesterol level (SD)
mmol/L 3.21 (0.76) 3.11 (0.67)
mg/dL 124 (29.2) 120.2 (25.7)
Mean HDL cholesterol level (SD)
mmol/L 1.18 (0.30) 1.20 (0.35)
mg/dL 45.4 (11.7) 46.2 (13.5)
Mean VLDL cholesterol level (SD)
mmol/L 0.60 (0.42) 0.58 (0.36)
mg/dL 23 (16.1) 22.4 (14)
Mean total cholesterol level (SD)
mmol/L 0.12 (0.03) 0.11 (0.04)
mg/dL 4.5 (1.3) 4.4 (1.7)
Mean non-HDL cholesterol level (SD)
mmol/L 3.80 (0.82) 3.68 (0.75)
mg/dL 147 (31.7) 142.2 (29.1)
Mean hip BMD (SD), g/cm2 1.1 (0.12) 1.1 (0.14)
Mean spine BMD (SD), g/cm2 1.1 (0.13) 1.1 (0.14)
Mean lean mass (SD), kg 61.3 (12.2) 61.3 (13.0)
Mean fat mass (SD), kg 40.4 (7.8) 40.0 (7.6)

BMD = bone mineral density; HDL = high-density lipoprotein; LDL = low-density lipoprotein; VLDL = very-low-density lipoprotein.

*

There were no significant differences between the 2 groups.